灵芝多糖对脊髓缺血再灌注损伤不同途径的影响：大鼠模型的生化、组织病理学和超微结构分析。
Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides on Different Pathways Involved in the Development of Spinal Cord Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Biochemical, Histopathologic, and Ultrastructural Analysis in a Rat Model.
机构信息
Department of Neurosurgery, Balıkesir University, Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir, Turkey.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital, Balıkesir, Turkey.
出版信息
World Neurosurg. 2021 Jun;150:e287-e297. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.02.129. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
OBJECTIVE
Inflammation and oxidative stress are 2 important factors in the emergence of paraplegia associated with spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Here it is aimed to investigate the effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on SCIRI.
METHODS
Rats were randomly selected into 4 groups of 8 animals each: sham, ischemia, methylprednisolone, and GLPS. To research the impacts of various pathways that are efficacious in formation of SCIRI, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase levels, and catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities, malondialdehyde levels, and caspase-3 activity were measured in tissues taken from the spinal cord of rats in all groups killed 24 hours after ischemia reperfusion injury. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor scale and inclined plane test were used for neurologic assessment before and after SCIRI. In addition, histologic and ultrastructural analyses of tissue samples in all groups were performed.
RESULTS
SCIRI also caused marked increase in tissue tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde levels, and caspase-3 activity, because of inflammation, increased free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, respectively. On the other hand, SCIRI caused significant reduction in tissue superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities. Pretreatment with GLPS likewise diminished the level of the spinal cord edema, inflammation, and tissue injury shown by pathologic and ultrastructural examination. Pretreatment with GLPS reversed all these biochemical changes and improved the altered neurologic status.
CONCLUSIONS
These outcomes propose that pretreatment with GLPS prevents progression of SCIRI by alleviating inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis.
目的
炎症和氧化应激是与胸主动脉手术后脊髓缺血再灌注损伤（SCIRI）相关的截瘫出现的两个重要因素。本研究旨在探讨灵芝多糖（GLPS）对 SCIRI 的影响。
方法
随机选择 8 只大鼠分为 4 组：假手术组、缺血组、甲泼尼龙组和 GLPS 组。为了研究在 SCIRI 形成中有效的各种途径，测量了各组大鼠脊髓组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素 1β、一氧化氮、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、丙二醛和半胱天冬酶-3 的水平和活性。缺血再灌注损伤后 24 小时处死所有大鼠，采用 Basso、Beattie 和 Bresnahan 运动评分和斜面试验进行神经评估。此外，还对所有组的组织样本进行了组织学和超微结构分析。
结果
SCIRI 还导致组织肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素 1β、一氧化氮、丙二醛水平和半胱天冬酶-3 活性显著增加，这是炎症、自由基生成增加、脂质过氧化和细胞凋亡的结果。另一方面，SCIRI 导致组织超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著降低。GLPS 预处理同样减轻了病理和超微结构检查显示的脊髓水肿、炎症和组织损伤程度。GLPS 预处理逆转了所有这些生化变化，并改善了改变的神经状态。
结论
这些结果表明，GLPS 预处理通过减轻炎症、氧化和细胞凋亡来预防 SCIRI 的进展。
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