Division of Nematology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
J Helminthol. 2021 Mar 11;95:e15. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X21000043.
The legume pod-borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (LPB), is an important insect pest of pigeon pea. Chemical pesticides are generally employed to manage this pest, but because of the soil residue issues and other environmental hazards associated with their use, biopesticides are also in demand. Another benign alternative is to use entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) to manage this vital pest. In the present study, the infectivity of ten native EPNs was evaluated against LPB by assessing their penetration and production in the LPB. The effectiveness of the promising EPNs against second-, third- and fourth-instar LPB larvae was also studied. Heterorhabditis sp. (Indian Agricultural Research Institute-Entomopathogenic Nematodes Rashid Pervez (IARI-EPN RP) 06) and Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08) were found to be most pathogenic to LPB, resulting in about 100% mortality within 72 h, followed by Steinernema sp. (IARI-EPN RP 03 and 09). Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 04) was found to be the least pathogenic to LPB larva with 67% mortality. Maximum penetration was exhibited by Heterorhabditis sp. (IARI-EPN RP 06) followed by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08), whereas the lowest rate of penetration was exhibited by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 01). The highest rate of production was observed with Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08), followed by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 04 and 10). Among the tested instars of the LPB larvae, second-instar larvae were more susceptible to EPNs, followed by third- and fourth-instar larvae. The results indicate that Heterorhabditis sp. (IARI-EPN RP 06) and Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08) have a good potential to the manage LPB.
菜豆荚野螟，Maruca vitrata Fabricius（鳞翅目：螟蛾科）（LPB），是豇豆的重要昆虫害虫。通常使用化学农药来防治这种害虫，但由于其使用带来的土壤残留问题和其他环境危害，生物农药也有需求。另一种良性替代方法是使用昆虫病原线虫（EPNs）来防治这种重要的害虫。在本研究中，通过评估 LPB 体内的穿透和繁殖情况，评估了十种本地 EPNs 对 LPB 的感染力。还研究了有前途的 EPNs 对 LPB 二、三、四龄幼虫的防治效果。发现异小杆线虫（印度农业研究所-昆虫病原线虫拉希德·佩尔韦兹（IARI-EPN RP）06）和奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 08）对 LPB 最具致病性，在 72 小时内导致约 100%的死亡率，其次是斯氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 03 和 09）。奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 04）对 LPB 幼虫的致病性最低，死亡率为 67%。异小杆线虫（IARI-EPN RP 06）表现出最大的穿透性，其次是奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 08），而奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 01）的穿透率最低。奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 08）的产量最高，其次是奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 04 和 10）。在所测试的 LPB 幼虫龄期中，二龄幼虫对 EPNs 更为敏感，其次是三龄和四龄幼虫。结果表明，异小杆线虫（IARI-EPN RP 06）和奥氏线虫（IARI-EPN RP 08）有很好的潜力来管理 LPB。
