Tomporowski P D, Allison P
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487-2968.
Am J Ment Retard. 1988 May;92(6):525-30.
The sustained attention of young adults with mild mental retardation and those without retardation was assessed during three 50-minute tests in which visual cues were presented successively on a computer-controlled monitor. Target cues occurred on 5% of the stimulus presentations in a random fashion. Significant decrements in target detection were observed in both groups of observers during all tests; however, the vigilance decrement was unrelated to intelligence level. The target-detection ability of observers with and without mental retardation did not differ on a recognition task. The observers with mental retardation detected significantly fewer target events than did observers who were not retarded on two tasks requiring judgments to be made on the basis of a remembered standard. These data suggest the sustained attention of adults with mental retardation differs from that of adults without mental retardation on vigilance tasks that place demands on memory abilities.
在三项为时50分钟的测试中，研究人员对轻度智力障碍的年轻人和无智力障碍的年轻人的持续注意力进行了评估。在测试中，视觉线索通过计算机控制的显示器依次呈现。目标线索以随机方式出现在5%的刺激呈现中。在所有测试中，两组观察者的目标检测均出现显著下降；然而，警觉性下降与智力水平无关。在识别任务中，有智力障碍和无智力障碍的观察者的目标检测能力没有差异。在两项需要根据记忆标准进行判断的任务中，有智力障碍的观察者检测到的目标事件明显少于无智力障碍的观察者。这些数据表明，在对记忆能力有要求的警觉任务中，有智力障碍的成年人的持续注意力与无智力障碍的成年人不同。
