Burack J A, Zigler E
Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520.
Am J Ment Retard. 1990 Mar;94(5):532-40.
Groups of organically mentally retarded, familial retarded, and nonretarded subjects were compared on two tasks of intentional memory and one of incidental memory. With mental age being covaried, the familial group did better than the organic group on both tasks of intentional memory. However, the performance of both retarded groups was inferior to that of the nonretarded children. The three groups did not differ on incidental learning. The finding of differences between organically retarded and familial retarded persons supports the view that etiology needs to be considered when studying cognitive functioning in mentally retarded persons. The differences between the familial retarded and nonretarded groups appear to be in contradiction to the similar structure hypothesis of mental retardation.
对器质性智力迟钝、家族性智力迟钝和非智力迟钝三组受试者进行了两项有意记忆任务和一项无意记忆任务的比较。在智力年龄作为协变量的情况下，家族性智力迟钝组在两项有意记忆任务上的表现均优于器质性智力迟钝组。然而，两个智力迟钝组的表现均不如非智力迟钝儿童。三组在无意学习方面没有差异。器质性智力迟钝者和家族性智力迟钝者之间存在差异这一发现支持了这样一种观点，即在研究智力迟钝者的认知功能时需要考虑病因。家族性智力迟钝组和非智力迟钝组之间的差异似乎与智力迟钝的相似结构假说相矛盾。
