Thomas T R, Crough L D, Araujo J
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia.
Br J Sports Med. 1988 Mar;22(1):9-11. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.22.1.9.
To examine if the dietary preparation for hydrostatic weighing (HW) alters the % fat measurement, seven men and three women (age 29 +/- 6, Males 11.7 +/- 7.3% fat and Females 24.1 +/- 5.4% fat, mean +/- SD) were assessed before and after three meals. On separate days and in random order, each subject (1) ate a salad with toppings (600 g) with small beverage, (2) ate two bean burritos and one bean tostada (900 g) with small beverage, and (3) drank 800 ml of carbonated beverage. The subject was reweighted 45 min after the meals and immediately after the beverage ingestion. Functional residual capacity was assessed simultaneously with underwater weight. Dependent t-tests indicated that body weight in air increased after each of the three means (Bean 0.78, Salad 0.92, Beverage 0.90 kg, all p less than 0.05), but underwater weights were unchanged. Following the salad, body density (1064.6 vs 1061.8 kg.m-3) and % fat (15.0 vs 16.3%, p less than 0.05) were significantly different pre-meal vs post-meal. Likewise, beverage ingestion resulted in decreased body density (1064.7 vs 1061.2 kg.m-3) and increased % fat (15.0 vs 16.5%, p less than 0.05). The bean meal did not cause a change in measured body density (1062.8 vs 1062.8 kg.m-3) or % fat (15.8 vs 15.8%). These results indicate that for the most accurate analysis, preliminary dietary preparation for HW should include food and beverage restriction.
为了研究水下称重（HW）前的饮食准备是否会改变体脂百分比测量结果，对7名男性和3名女性（年龄29±6岁，男性体脂率11.7±7.3%，女性体脂率24.1±5.4%，均值±标准差）在三餐前后进行了评估。在不同日期且随机安排，每位受试者（1）吃一份加了配料的沙拉（600克）并喝少量饮料，（2）吃两个豆馅玉米煎饼和一个豆粉玉米脆饼（900克）并喝少量饮料，（3）喝800毫升碳酸饮料。用餐后45分钟以及饮用饮料后立即对受试者重新称重。同时用水下称重法评估功能残气量。配对t检验表明，三种饮食方式后空气中体重均增加（豆类饮食后增加0.78千克，沙拉饮食后增加0.92千克，饮料饮食后增加0.90千克，所有p值均小于0.05），但水下体重未变。食用沙拉后，餐前与餐后的身体密度（1064.6对1061.8千克·米-3）和体脂百分比（15.0对16.3%，p值小于0.05）有显著差异。同样，饮用饮料导致身体密度降低（1064.7对1061.2千克·米-3）和体脂百分比增加（15.0对16.5%，p值小于0.05）。豆类饮食未导致测量的身体密度（1062.8对1062.8千克·米-3）或体脂百分比（15.8对15.8%）发生变化。这些结果表明，为了进行最准确的分析，HW的初步饮食准备应包括食物和饮料限制。
