Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
MosquitoMate, Inc., Lexington, KY.
J Med Entomol. 2021 Sep 7;58(5):1980-1986. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjab025.
The current review of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is motivated by new technologies and the recent renaissance of male release field trials, which is driving an evolution in mosquito control and regulation. Practitioners that are releasing male mosquitoes would do well to learn from past successes and failures, including political and public engagement complications. With examples that include nuanced integrations of the different technologies, e.g., combinations of Wolbachia and irradiation, it is critical that scientists understand and communicate accurately about the technologies, including their evolving management by different regulatory agencies in the USA. Some male release approaches are considered 'pesticides' and regulated by federal and state agencies, while other male release approaches are unregulated. It is important to consider how the new technologies fit with the more 'traditional' chemical applications of adulticides and larvicides. The economics of male release programs are substantially different from traditional control costs, which can be a challenge to their adoption by abatement districts. However, there is substantial need to overcome these complications and challenges, because the problem with invasive mosquitoes grows ever worse with factors that include insecticide resistance, globalization and climate change.
当前对无菌昆虫技术 (SIT) 的审查受到新技术和最近雄性释放野外试验复兴的推动，这推动了蚊虫控制和监管的发展。释放雄性蚊子的从业者最好从过去的成功和失败中吸取教训，包括政治和公众参与的复杂性。有一些例子包括不同技术的细微整合，例如沃尔巴克氏体和辐照的结合，科学家们必须准确地理解和交流这些技术，包括它们在美国不同监管机构的不断演变的管理。一些雄性释放方法被认为是“杀虫剂”，由联邦和州机构监管，而其他雄性释放方法则不受监管。重要的是要考虑新技术如何与更“传统”的成虫和幼虫化学应用相适应。雄性释放计划的经济学与传统控制成本有很大不同，这可能是减轻区采用它们的一个挑战。然而，克服这些复杂性和挑战是非常有必要的，因为包括杀虫剂抗性、全球化和气候变化在内的因素使得入侵蚊虫的问题变得越来越严重。
