PD-L1 Detection on Circulating Melanoma Cells.

The advent of personalized medicines targeting cell signaling pathways has radically improved melanoma patient outcomes. More recently, immune-modulating therapies disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have become a powerful tool in the treatment of a range of melanoma, showing a profound improvement in the overall survival outcomes. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with considerable toxicities and appear to only be efficacious in a subset of melanoma patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that can determine if patients will or will not respond to ICI therapy. Here, we describe an optimized method for analyzing PD-L1 expression on circulating melanoma cells following immunomagnetic enrichment from patient blood samples.