Domingues Beatriz, Lopes José Manuel, Soares Paula, Pópulo Helena
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.
Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Immunotargets Ther. 2018 Jun 7;7:35-49. doi: 10.2147/ITT.S134842. eCollection 2018.
Melanoma represents the most aggressive and the deadliest form of skin cancer. Current therapeutic approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, biochemotherapy, and targeted therapy. The therapeutic strategy can include single agents or combined therapies, depending on the patient's health, stage, and location of the tumor. The efficiency of these treatments can be decreased due to the development of diverse resistance mechanisms. New therapeutic targets have emerged from studies of the genetic profile of melanocytes and from the identification of molecular factors involved in the pathogenesis of the malignant transformation. In this review, we aim to survey therapies approved and under evaluation for melanoma treatment and relevant research on the molecular mechanisms underlying melanomagenesis.
黑色素瘤是皮肤癌中最具侵袭性和致命性的形式。目前的治疗方法包括手术切除、化疗、光动力疗法、免疫疗法、生物化疗和靶向疗法。治疗策略可包括单一药物或联合疗法，这取决于患者的健康状况、肿瘤分期和位置。由于多种耐药机制的出现，这些治疗的效率可能会降低。对黑素细胞基因图谱的研究以及对参与恶性转化发病机制的分子因素的鉴定，产生了新的治疗靶点。在本综述中，我们旨在概述已批准和正在评估的黑色素瘤治疗方法，以及黑素瘤发生潜在分子机制的相关研究。
