Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2021 Dec;304(12):2879-2890. doi: 10.1002/ar.24617. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Among the pathologies affecting the salivary glands, the Sjögren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disease, causes progressive destruction of the glandular tissue. The effect of SS is particularly evident on the labial glands and the morphological analysis of these minor glands is considered useful for diagnosis. Cevimeline hydrochloride (SNI), a selective muscarinic agonist drug, is one of the elective treatments for the hyposalivation due to SS, acting not only on major salivary glands, but also on labial glands since their secretion is primarily under parasympathetic control. Aim of this study is to describe the morphology of human labial glands treated with SNI by light, transmission, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, a morphometric analysis was applied to the light and transmission electron microscopy micrographs to obtain data that were then compared with analogous data collected on control and carbachol-treated labial glands. Following SNI administration, the mucous tubules exhibited enlarged lumina, which were filled with a dense mucous secretion. Occasionally, small broken debris of the cells were retrieved into the lumen. In the mucous secretory cells, some mucous droplets fused to form a large vacuole-like structure. Similarly, the seromucous acini showed both dilated lumina and canaliculi. These above reported signs of secretion were confirmed through morphometric analysis and a milder action of SNI than carbachol on labial parenchyma was observed. This study confirmed that SNI also evoked secretion on labial glands and that its effect is more physiologic than that of the pan-muscarinic agonists.
在影响唾液腺的病理学中，干燥综合征（SS）是一种自身免疫性疾病，会导致腺体组织进行性破坏。SS 的影响在唇腺中尤为明显，对这些小腺体的形态分析被认为对诊断有用。盐酸西维美林（SNI）是一种选择性毒蕈碱激动剂药物，是 SS 引起的低分泌的可选治疗方法之一，不仅作用于主要唾液腺，而且还作用于唇腺，因为它们的分泌主要受副交感神经控制。本研究的目的是通过光镜、透射电镜和高分辨率扫描电子显微镜描述 SNI 处理后的人唇腺的形态。此外，还对光镜和透射电镜显微照片进行了形态计量分析，以获得数据，并将其与在对照和卡巴胆碱处理的唇腺中收集的类似数据进行比较。在 SNI 给药后，黏液小管显示出扩大的腔，腔内充满了密集的黏液分泌物。偶尔，细胞的小碎片会进入管腔。在黏液分泌细胞中，一些黏液小滴融合形成一个大的空泡样结构。同样，浆液黏液性腺泡也显示出扩张的腔和管腔。通过形态计量分析证实了这些分泌的迹象，并且观察到 SNI 对唇实质的作用比卡巴胆碱更温和。本研究证实 SNI 也能引起唇腺的分泌，其作用比全毒蕈碱激动剂更具生理性。
