From the Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (A.T.R., G.D., S.B.), Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
From the Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (A.T.R., G.D., S.B.), Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2021 Jun;42(6):1109-1115. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A7066. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Physician training and onsite proctoring are critical for safely introducing new biomedical devices, a process that has been disrupted by the pandemic. A teleproctoring concept using optical see-through head-mounted displays with a proctor's ability to see and, more important, virtually interact in the operator's visual field is presented.
Test conditions were created for simulated proctoring using a bifurcation aneurysm flow model for WEB device deployment. The operator in the angiography suite wore a Magic Leap-1 optical see-through head-mounted display to livestream his or her FOV to a proctor's computer in an adjacent building. A Web-based application (Spatial) was used for the proctor to virtually interact in the operator's visual space. Tested elements included the quality of the livestream, communication, and the proctor's ability to interact in the operator's environment using mixed reality. A hotspot and a Wi-Fi-based network were tested.
The operator successfully livestreamed the angiography room environment and his FOV of the monitor to the remotely located proctor. The proctor communicated and guided the operator through the procedure over the optical see-through head-mounted displays, a process that was repeated several times. The proctor used mixed reality and virtual space sharing to successfully project images, annotations, and data in the operator's FOV for highlighting any device or procedural aspects. The livestream latency was 0.71 (SD, 0.03) seconds for Wi-Fi and 0.86 (SD, 0.3) seconds for the hotspot ( = .02). The livestream quality was subjectively better over the Wi-Fi.
New technologies using head-mounted displays and virtual space sharing could offer solutions applicable to remote proctoring in the neurointerventional space.
医师培训和现场监考对于安全引入新的生物医学设备至关重要，而这一过程因疫情而中断。本文提出了一种使用光学透视头戴式显示器进行远程监考的概念，监考人员可以看到并更重要的是，可以在操作者的视场中进行虚拟交互。
使用 WEB 设备部署分叉动脉瘤流模型创建了模拟监考的测试条件。血管造影室内的操作者佩戴 Magic Leap-1 光学透视头戴式显示器，将其视野实时传输到相邻建筑物中监考人员的计算机上。使用基于 Web 的应用程序（Spatial）允许监考人员在操作者的视觉空间中进行虚拟交互。测试内容包括视频流的质量、通信以及监考人员使用混合现实在操作者环境中进行交互的能力。测试了热点和基于 Wi-Fi 的网络。
操作者成功地将血管造影室环境和他在监视器上的视野实时传输到远程监考人员。监考人员通过光学透视头戴式显示器进行通信并指导操作者完成手术，这一过程重复了几次。监考人员使用混合现实和虚拟空间共享，成功地将图像、注释和数据投影到操作者的视野中，以突出显示任何设备或程序方面。视频流的延迟时间 Wi-Fi 为 0.71（SD，0.03）秒，热点为 0.86（SD，0.3）秒（ =.02）。Wi-Fi 的视频流质量主观上更好。
使用头戴式显示器和虚拟空间共享的新技术可为神经介入空间的远程监考提供解决方案。
