Focht Garand Kendrea L, Hill Elizabeth G, Armeson Kent, Martin-Harris Bonnie
University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Can J Speech Lang Pathol Audiol. 2020;44(1):1-8.
The purpose of this study was to examine how aging and sex impacted scores on the Eating Assessment Tool-10 in a large sample of healthy, non-dysphagic adults. Differences in Eating Assessment Tool-10 total normal (< 3) and abnormal (≥ 3) scores were examined across four age categories (21-39 years, 40-59 years, 60-79 years, 80 years and older) and between sexes. The mean (± ) Eating Assessment Tool-10 total score for this healthy cohort of 167 individuals was 0.6 (± 1.6), with the majority of participants (75%) earning a score of zero. No significant differences were found in Eating Assessment Tool-10 total scores across age categories ( = .53) or between sexes ( = .79). Post-hoc analyses further explored relationships between Eating Assessment Tool-10 total scores and swallow performance measures as observed during videofluoroscopy. All participants ( = 15) scoring 3 and greater on the Eating Assessment Tool-10 passed an aspiration screen (i.e., 3-ounce water swallow challenge). Nine participants scoring less than 3 and failing the aspiration screen were not observed to have airway invasion as measured by the Penetration-Aspiration Scale during videofluoroscopy. A significant relationship was not observed between Eating Assessment Tool-10 total scores and highest Penetration-Aspiration Scale score. Eating Assessment Tool-10 total scores reported in the current study for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease were significantly lower ( < .001) than total scores reported in the Eating Assessment Tool-10 validation study by Belafsky et al. (2008). In summary, aging or sex effects did not appear to impact self-report of dysphagia-related symptoms as measured by the Eating Assessment Tool-10. The Eating Assessment Tool-10, therefore, may not demonstrate the sensitivity needed to capture sub-clinical changes of the aging swallowing mechanism.
本研究的目的是在大量健康、无吞咽困难的成年人样本中，研究衰老和性别如何影响饮食评估工具-10（Eating Assessment Tool-10，EAT-10）的评分。我们考察了四个年龄组（21 - 39岁、40 - 59岁、60 - 79岁、80岁及以上）以及不同性别之间EAT-10总分正常（< 3）和异常（≥ 3）评分的差异。这167名健康队列个体的EAT-10总分均值（±标准差）为0.6（± 1.6），大多数参与者（75%）得分为零。在不同年龄组（P = 0.53）或不同性别之间（P = 0.79），EAT-10总分未发现显著差异。事后分析进一步探讨了EAT-10总分与电视荧光吞咽造影观察到的吞咽功能指标之间的关系。所有在EAT-10上得分3及以上的参与者（n = 15）通过了误吸筛查（即3盎司水吞咽挑战）。9名得分低于3且未通过误吸筛查的参与者在电视荧光吞咽造影中，根据渗透-误吸量表测量未观察到气道侵犯。未观察到EAT-10总分与最高渗透-误吸量表评分之间存在显著关系。本研究中报告的胃食管反流病患者的EAT-10总分显著低于Belafsky等人（2008年）EAT-10验证研究中报告的总分（P < 0.001）。总之，衰老或性别效应似乎并未影响通过EAT-10测量的吞咽困难相关症状的自我报告。因此，EAT-10可能无法显示出捕捉衰老吞咽机制亚临床变化所需的敏感性。
