一种用于评估法国 COVID-19 大流行趋势的自我评估网络应用程序：观察性研究。
A Self-Assessment Web-Based App to Assess Trends of the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: Observational Study.
机构信息
Institut Inter-régional de Cancérologie Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France.
Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2021 Mar 12;23(3):e26182. doi: 10.2196/26182.
BACKGROUND
We developed a self-assessment and participatory web-based triage app to assess the trends of the COVID-19 pandemic in France in March 2020.
OBJECTIVE
We compared daily large-scale RT-PCR test results to monitor recent reports of anosmia through a web-based app to assess the dynamics of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions among individuals with COVID-19 in France.
METHODS
Between March 21 and November 18, 2020, users of the maladiecoronavirus.fr self-triage app were asked questions about COVID-19 symptoms. Data on daily hospitalizations, large-scale positive results on RT-PCR tests, emergency department visits, and ICU admission of individuals with COVID-19 were compared to data on daily reports of anosmia on the app.
RESULTS
As of November 18, 2020, recent anosmia was reported 575,214 times from among approximately 13,000,000 responses. Daily anosmia reports during peak engagement with the app on September 16, 2020, were spatially correlated with the peak in daily COVID-19-related hospitalizations in November 2020 (Spearman rank correlation coefficient [ρ]=0.77; P<.001). This peak in daily anosmia reports was observed primarily among young adults (age range 18-40 years), being observed 49 days before the peak of hospitalizations that corresponded to the first wave of infections among the young population, followed by a peak in hospitalizations among older individuals (aged ≥50 years) in November 2020. The reduction in the daily reports of anosmia associated with the peaks in the number of cases preceded the reduction in daily hospitalizations by 10 and 9 days during the first and the second waves of infection, respectively, although the reduction in the positivity rates on RT-PCR tests preceded the reduction in daily hospitalizations by only 2 days during the second wave of infections.
CONCLUSIONS
Data on daily reports of anosmia collected through a nationwide, web-based self-assessment app can be a relevant tool to anticipate surges in outbreaks, hospitalizations, and ICU admission during the COVID-19 pandemic.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04331171; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04331171.
背景
我们开发了一种自我评估和参与式的基于网络的分诊应用程序，以评估 2020 年 3 月法国 COVID-19 大流行的趋势。
目的
我们通过基于网络的应用程序监测 COVID-19 患者的嗅觉丧失情况，将每日大规模 RT-PCR 检测结果与报告进行比较，以评估法国 COVID-19 患者急诊就诊、住院和重症监护病房（ICU）入院的动态。
方法
在 2020 年 3 月 21 日至 11 月 18 日期间，maladiecoronavirus.fr 自我分诊应用程序的用户被问及 COVID-19 症状。将 COVID-19 患者的每日住院、大规模 RT-PCR 检测阳性结果、急诊就诊和 ICU 入院数据与应用程序中每日嗅觉丧失报告进行比较。
结果
截至 2020 年 11 月 18 日，大约有 1300 万人回应，报告了 575214 次近期嗅觉丧失。2020 年 9 月 16 日，应用程序参与度最高时，每日嗅觉丧失报告与 11 月 2020 日 COVID-19 相关住院人数的高峰呈空间相关（Spearman 秩相关系数 [ρ]=0.77；P<.001）。这种每日嗅觉丧失报告的高峰主要发生在年轻人（18-40 岁年龄组）中，比对应年轻人首次感染的住院高峰提前 49 天，随后是 11 月 2020 年年龄较大人群（≥50 岁）的住院高峰。与病例数量高峰相关的每日嗅觉丧失报告的减少，分别比第一波和第二波感染的每日住院减少提前了 10 天和 9 天，尽管在第二波感染中，RT-PCR 检测阳性率的减少仅比每日住院减少提前了 2 天。
结论
通过全国性网络自我评估应用程序收集的每日嗅觉丧失报告数据，可以成为预测 COVID-19 大流行期间疫情爆发、住院和 ICU 入院的相关工具。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04331171；https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04331171。
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