Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Development. 2021 Mar 12;148(5):dev188490. doi: 10.1242/dev.188490.
The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling family is evolutionarily conserved in metazoans. The signal transduction mechanisms of TGFβ family members have been expansively investigated and are well understood. During development and homeostasis, numerous TGFβ family members are expressed in various cell types with temporally changing levels, playing diverse roles in embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis and human diseases by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration and apoptosis. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying signal transduction and regulation of the TGFβ subfamily pathways, and then highlight their key functions in mesendoderm induction, dorsoventral patterning and laterality development, as well as in the formation of several representative tissues/organs.
转化生长因子β（TGFβ）信号家族在后生动物中是进化保守的。TGFβ家族成员的信号转导机制已经得到广泛研究，并得到了很好的理解。在发育和体内平衡过程中，许多 TGFβ家族成员在各种细胞类型中以随时间变化的水平表达，通过调节细胞增殖、分化、黏附、迁移和凋亡，在胚胎发育、成人组织内稳态和人类疾病中发挥多种作用。在这里，我们讨论了 TGFβ亚家族途径信号转导和调节的分子机制，然后重点介绍了它们在中胚层诱导、背腹模式形成和左右不对称发育以及几种代表性组织/器官形成中的关键功能。
