School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59# Qinglong Road, Fucheng District, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China.
Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, 90150, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 12;11(1):5833. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85269-4.
Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements that have a high atomic weight and let out in the environment by agriculture, industry, mining and therapeutic expertise and thrilling amassing of these elements pollutes the environment. In this study we have investigated the potential of garlic interplanting in promoting hyper accumulation and absorption of heavy metals to provide a basis for phytoremediation of polluted land. Monoculture and inter-plantation of garlic were conducted to investigate the absorption of cadmium and lead contamination in the land. A group of experiments with single planting (monoculture) of Lolium perenne, Conyza canadensis and Pteris vittata as accumulators were used. The results have shown that garlic has a potential as a hyper accumulate and absorb heavy metals. It was found that the accumulation of Cd and Pb was much higher with inter-planting. Garlic boosts up the absorption of heavy metals in Lolium perenne of Cd 66% and Pb 44% respectively. The Inter-planting of garlic with Pteris vittata promotes the Cd 26% and Pb 15%. While the maximum accumulation of Lead 87% and Cadmium 77% occurred in Conyza canadensis herb plant. The bacterial diversity in the soil was analyzed for each experimental soil and was found that the Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes were commonly abundant in both single planting (monoculture) of ryegrass and interplanting ryegrass with garlic habitats. Variances were observed in the bacterial floral composition of single (monoculture) and intercropping (interplant) soils. Relative abundance of bacterial taxa revealed that the proportion of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria in the inter-planting group was slightly higher, while Firmicutes and Planctomycetes were low. This study provides the evidence to control the heavy metals contaminated soils with weed species. Growth promotion and heavy metal uptake of neighboring plants proved the specific plant-plant and plant-microbial associations with garlic plants. This inter-planting strategy can be used to improve heavy metal absorption.
重金属是天然存在的元素，具有较高的原子重量，并通过农业、工业、采矿和治疗专业知识以及这些元素的大量积累而释放到环境中，这些元素的积累污染了环境。在这项研究中，我们调查了大蒜间作促进重金属超积累和吸收的潜力，为污染土地的植物修复提供了依据。进行了大蒜的单作和间作实验，以调查土地中镉和铅污染的吸收情况。一组实验采用单作（单一种植）黑麦草、加拿大飞蓬和凤尾蕨作为积累者。结果表明，大蒜具有超积累和吸收重金属的潜力。发现间作时 Cd 和 Pb 的积累要高得多。大蒜分别使黑麦草对 Cd 和 Pb 的吸收增加了 66%和 44%。大蒜与凤尾蕨间作促进了 Cd 的吸收 26%和 Pb 的吸收 15%。而加拿大飞蓬草中 Pb 的最大积累量为 87%，Cd 的最大积累量为 77%。对每个实验土壤中的土壤细菌多样性进行了分析，发现单作（单一种植）黑麦草和间作黑麦草与大蒜栖息地的土壤中普遍丰富的是变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、厚壁菌门和浮霉菌门。在单作（单一种植）和间作（间作）土壤的细菌区系组成中观察到了差异。细菌分类群的相对丰度表明，间作组中变形菌门、酸杆菌门和放线菌门的比例略高，而厚壁菌门和浮霉菌门的比例较低。这项研究为用杂草物种控制重金属污染土壤提供了证据。邻近植物的生长促进和重金属吸收证明了与大蒜植物的特定植物-植物和植物-微生物的关联。这种间作策略可用于提高重金属的吸收。
