Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2021 May;50:101869. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2021.101869. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are the most rapidly growing class of recreational designer drugs. Illicit drug manufacturers began to produce herbal smoking materials under a variety of brands names, e.g. "Spice, K2, Bonsai, Yucatan Fire". They were appeared on the European market in 2008. In this study, types of SCs in the herbal product sold as "Bonsai" in Turkey were determined and the identification of these substances in biological samples collected from rats depending on the inhalation of different amounts of plant material were aimed. To determine the SC species in the content of the plant product, analysis was performed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Liquid-liquid extraction methods were utilized for blood and organ samples, while solid-phase extraction with β-glucuronidase enzyme treatment was applied for urine sample preparation. The relationship between the amount of burned plant and the amount of SCs accumulated in the blood, urine and organ samples of rats exposed to the plant product by inhalation was examined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. AB-FUBINACA and 5F-NPB-22 were detected in the herbal product. A significant correlation was found between the amount of herbal product inhaled and the prevalence of SCs, especially in lung tissues while no SCs were detected in the blood and urine samples of rats. There is currently no study on biological samples of individuals exposed to herbal products containing SCs by inhalation. Regarding the findings obtained in this study, the overall increase in the amounts of herbal product inhaled was demonstrated to pose a potential risk to humans.
合成大麻素 (SCs) 是增长最快的一类娱乐性设计药物。非法毒品制造商开始以各种品牌名称生产草药吸烟材料，例如“香料、K2、盆景、尤卡坦火”。它们于 2008 年出现在欧洲市场。在这项研究中，确定了在土耳其以“盆景”名义销售的草药产品中的 SC 类型，并旨在根据吸入不同量的植物材料，确定从大鼠收集的生物样本中这些物质的鉴定。为了确定植物产品中 SC 种类，通过气相色谱-质谱法进行了分析。对于血液和器官样本，采用液-液萃取方法，而对于尿液样本，则采用固相萃取结合β-葡萄糖醛酸酶处理。通过液相色谱-串联质谱法检查了吸入植物产品的大鼠的血液、尿液和器官样本中 SC 积累量与燃烧植物量之间的关系。在草药产品中检测到 AB-FUBINACA 和 5F-NPB-22。在吸入草药产品的大鼠中，草药产品的吸入量与 SC 的流行之间存在显著相关性，尤其是在肺部组织中，而在大鼠的血液和尿液样本中均未检测到 SC。目前尚无关于通过吸入含有 SC 的草药产品暴露于个体的生物样本的研究。鉴于本研究中获得的发现，证明整体增加吸入的草药产品量对人类构成潜在风险。
