Peking University, China.
University of Winchester, United Kingdom.
Conscious Cogn. 2021 Apr;90:103107. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103107. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
We sought to clarify the psychological profile of experimentally induced nostalgia, compared to two other modes of thinking about one's past-reflection and brooding-also experimentally induced. We tested both British and Chinese participants. Our main hypothesis was that nostalgia's profile is more positive in terms of six psychological benefits and seven autobiographical memory functions. The results were consistent with the hypothesis. In regard to psychological benefits, nostalgia (vs. reflection and brooding) increased positive affect, self-esteem, self-continuity, social connectedness, and meaning in life. Furthermore, nostalgia increased optimism relative to brooding (but not reflection). In regard to autobiographical memory functions, nostalgia (vs. reflection and brooding) led to higher boredom reduction, conversation, intimacy maintenance, and death preparation, as well as lower bitterness revival. Nostalgia also elevated teach/inform relative to brooding (but not reflection). The findings were similar for British and Chinese participants.
我们试图阐明实验诱导的怀旧心理特征，与另外两种思考过去的方式——反思和沉思——进行比较，这两种方式也是通过实验诱导的。我们测试了英国和中国的参与者。我们的主要假设是，怀旧的特征在六个心理益处和七个自传体记忆功能方面更为积极。结果与假设一致。在心理益处方面，怀旧（与反思和沉思相比）增加了积极的情绪、自尊、自我连续性、社会联系和生活意义。此外，与沉思相比，怀旧（与反思相比）增加了乐观情绪。在自传体记忆功能方面，怀旧（与反思和沉思相比）导致了更高的减少无聊感、对话、维持亲密感和为死亡做准备，以及更低的痛苦复活。与沉思相比，怀旧也提高了教学/告知的程度（但不是反思）。英国和中国参与者的发现相似。
