Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Republic of Ireland.
Emotion. 2013 Jun;13(3):450-61. doi: 10.1037/a0030442. Epub 2012 Nov 19.
We formulated, tested, and supported, in 6 studies, a theoretical model according to which individuals use nostalgia as a way to reinject meaningfulness in their lives when they experience boredom. Studies 1-3 established that induced boredom causes increases in nostalgia when participants have the opportunity to revert to their past. Studies 4 and 5 examined search for meaning as a mediator of the effect of boredom on nostalgia. Specifically, Study 4 showed that search for meaning mediates the effect of state boredom on nostalgic memory content, whereas Study 5 demonstrated that search for meaning mediates the effect of dispositional boredom on dispositional nostalgia. Finally, Study 6 examined the meaning reestablishment potential of nostalgia during boredom: Nostalgia mediates the effect of boredom on sense of meaningfulness and presence of meaning in one's life. Nostalgia counteracts the meaninglessness that individuals experience when they are bored.
我们通过 6 项研究,构建、测试并支持了一个理论模型,该模型指出,当人们感到无聊时,他们会通过怀旧来重新赋予生活意义。研究 1-3 表明,当参与者有机会回到过去时,诱发的无聊会增加怀旧情绪。研究 4 和 5 检验了寻找意义作为无聊对怀旧影响的中介。具体来说,研究 4 表明,寻找意义中介了状态无聊对怀旧记忆内容的影响,而研究 5 则表明,寻找意义中介了特质无聊对特质怀旧的影响。最后,研究 6 检验了怀旧在无聊时的意义重建潜力:怀旧中介了无聊对意义感和生活意义的影响。怀旧抵消了人们在感到无聊时所经历的无意义感。
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