Juhn Young J, Wi Chung-Il, Ryu Euijung, Sampathkumar Priya, Takahashi Paul Y, Yao Joseph D, Binnicker Matthew J, Natoli Traci L, Evans Tamara K, King Katherine S, Volpe Stephanie, Pirçon Jean-Yves, Pignolo Robert J
Department of Pediatric and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2021 Apr;96(4):912-920. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.12.016. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
To assess the prevalence and characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases during the reopening period in older adults, given that little is known about the prevalence of COVID-19 after the stay-at-home order was lifted in the United States, nor the actual effects of adherence to recommended public health measures (RPHM) on the risk of COVID-19.
This was a cross-sectional study nested in a parent prospective cohort study, which followed a population-based sample of 2325 adults 50 years and older residing in southeast Minnesota to assess the incidence of viral infections. Participants were instructed to self-collect both nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, which were tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) assay between May 8, 2020, and June, 30, 2020. We assessed the prevalence of COVID-19 cases and characteristics of study subjects.
A total of 1505 eligible subjects participated in the study whose mean age was 68 years, with 885 (59%) women, 32 (2%) racial/ethnic minorities, and 906 (60%) with high-risk conditions for influenza. The prevalence of other Coronaviridae (human coronavirus [HCoV]-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43) during the 2019 to 2020 flu season was 109 (7%), and none tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Almost all participants reported adhering to the RPHM (1,488 [99%] for social distancing, 1,438 [96%] for wearing mask in a public space, 1,476 [98%] for hand hygiene, and 1,441 (96%) for staying home mostly). Eighty-six percent of participants resided in a single-family home.
We did not identify SARS-COV-2 infection in our study cohort. The combination of participants' behavior in following the RPHM and their living environment may considerably mitigate the risk of COVID-19.
鉴于在美国居家令解除后，对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的患病率知之甚少，且对于遵守推荐的公共卫生措施（RPHM）对COVID-19风险的实际影响也不清楚，本研究旨在评估老年人重新开放期间COVID-19病例的患病率及特征。
这是一项嵌套于一项前瞻性队列研究的横断面研究，该队列研究以明尼苏达州东南部2325名50岁及以上成年人的基于人群的样本为研究对象，以评估病毒感染的发生率。研究人员指导参与者自行采集鼻拭子和口咽拭子，并于2020年5月8日至6月30日期间采用基于逆转录聚合酶链反应的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）检测法进行检测。我们评估了COVID-19病例的患病率及研究对象的特征。
共有1505名符合条件的受试者参与了本研究，他们的平均年龄为68岁，其中885名（59%）为女性，32名（2%）为少数族裔，906名（60%）患有流感高危疾病。在2019至2020年流感季节，其他冠状病毒科（人类冠状病毒[HCoV]-229E、HCoV-NL63和HCoV-OC43）的患病率为109例（7%），且无人SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性。几乎所有参与者都报告遵守了RPHM（1488名[99%]保持社交距离，1438名[96%]在公共场所佩戴口罩，1476名[98%]保持手部卫生，1441名[96%]大多待在家中）。86%的参与者居住在独栋住宅中。
在我们的研究队列中未发现SARS-CoV-2感染。参与者遵守RPHM的行为及其生活环境的综合作用可能会显著降低COVID-19的风险。
