School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia.
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Apr 1;221:108557. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108557. Epub 2021 Jan 30.
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours contribute to the poor health of people attending alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment. Healthy Recovery is an 8-session group-based intervention that targets smoking, diet and physical inactivity as part of an integrated healthy lifestyle approach. The current study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Healthy Recovery when delivered within residential AOD treatment settings.
The study design was a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial. Participants were 151 current smokers attending residential AOD programs provided by the Australian Salvation Army (n = 71, Control condition; n = 80, Intervention condition). The primary outcome was number of cigarettes smoked per day. Secondary outcomes examined other smoking behaviours (7-day point prevalence, use of nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]), diet (servings and variety of fruit and vegetables), and physical activity.
The mean number of cigarettes smoked per day was significantly lower in the Intervention condition at 2-, 5-, and 8-month follow-up. There were also significant differences in favour of the Intervention condition for number of quit attempts, use of NRT and variety of fruit. There were no other significant differences for other dietary or physical activity variables.
Healthy Recovery had a positive impact on smoking behaviours. Future research should consider strategies to further promote smoking cessation (e.g. promoting longer-term use of NRT), as well as addressing physical activity and dietary behaviours. The introduction of broader organisational approaches (e.g. smoke free policies, organised group exercise and cooking activities) might help to enhance healthy lifestyle approaches within AOD treatment settings.
不健康的生活方式行为导致参加酒精和其他药物（AOD）治疗的人的健康状况不佳。健康康复是一种 8 节小组为基础的干预措施，针对吸烟、饮食和身体活动不足，作为综合健康生活方式方法的一部分。本研究旨在检验在住宅 AOD 治疗环境中提供健康康复时的有效性。
研究设计为阶梯式楔形集群随机试验。参与者是参加澳大利亚救世军提供的住宅 AOD 计划的 151 名当前吸烟者（n = 71，对照条件；n = 80，干预条件）。主要结果是每天吸烟的香烟数量。次要结果检查了其他吸烟行为（7 天点患病率、尼古丁替代疗法[NR T]的使用）、饮食（水果和蔬菜的份量和种类）和身体活动。
在 2、5 和 8 个月的随访中，干预条件下每天吸烟的平均数量明显较低。干预条件在戒烟尝试次数、NR T 的使用和水果种类方面也有显著差异。其他饮食或身体活动变量没有其他显著差异。
健康康复对吸烟行为产生了积极影响。未来的研究应考虑进一步促进戒烟的策略（例如，促进更长期使用 NR T），以及解决身体活动和饮食行为。引入更广泛的组织方法（例如，无烟政策、有组织的团体运动和烹饪活动）可能有助于加强 AOD 治疗环境中的健康生活方式方法。
