Beacham T D
Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Fisheries Research Branch, Nanaimo, B.C., Canada.
Genome. 1988 Feb;30(1):89-96. doi: 10.1139/g88-015.
A factorial mating design was employed in which five males were mated to each of five females in each of two stocks for both pink and chum salmon. The resulting embryos and alevins were incubated at constant water temperatures of 4, 8, and 16 degrees C for pink salmon and 3, 8, and 15 degrees C for chum salmon. Variation among families in alevin and fry survival rates, hatching, button-up time, length, and weight was the least at 8 degrees C. Heritability of traits directly correlated with fitness, such as survival rates and button-up time, was low at all temperatures (h2 less than or equal to 0.25). Maternal effects could account for a substantial portion of the variation in alevin and fry size characters. Nonadditive genetic variance accounted for more of the variation in fry size characters than in those of alevins. Negative genetic correlations were observed between embryo survival and subsequent alevin size and between hatching time and subsequent alevin and fry size. Genotype-temperature interactions could underlie a substantial amount of phenotypic variation in the developmental characters examined for both species.
采用析因交配设计，在粉鲑和大麻哈鱼的两个种群中，让五只雄性与五只雌性分别进行交配。将所得胚胎和初孵仔鱼分别在粉鲑4℃、8℃和16℃以及大麻哈鱼3℃、8℃和15℃的恒定水温下孵化。在8℃时，初孵仔鱼和鱼苗的存活率、孵化率、封口时间、体长和体重的家系间变异最小。在所有温度下，与适合度直接相关的性状（如存活率和封口时间）的遗传力都较低（h2≤0.25）。母体效应可解释初孵仔鱼和鱼苗大小性状变异的很大一部分。非加性遗传方差在鱼苗大小性状变异中所占比例比在初孵仔鱼中更大。在胚胎存活率与随后的初孵仔鱼大小之间以及孵化时间与随后的初孵仔鱼和鱼苗大小之间观察到负遗传相关性。基因型-温度相互作用可能是这两个物种所研究的发育性状中大量表型变异的基础。
