Ernst Mareike, Werner Antonia M, Tibubos Ana N, Beutel Manfred E, de Zwaan Martina, Brähler Elmar
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 26;12:645654. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.645654. eCollection 2021.
Evidence shows that anxiety and depressive disorders play an important role in eating disorder behavior. However, given the epidemiology of eating disorders, there is a need to investigate potentially gender-specific connections. This study tested the associations of anxiety and depression symptoms with eating disorder symptoms and behaviors and explored whether they differed between men and women. Within a population-representative survey ( = 2,510; ages 14-94), participants completed measures of depression symptoms (PHQ-2), anxiety symptoms (GAD-2), and eating disorder symptoms (EDE-Q8). We conducted linear regression analyses of the EDE-Q8 sum score and General Linear Models on the three behaviors overeating, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors (self-induced vomiting/use of laxatives/excessive exercising). Depression and anxiety symptoms were related to more eating disorder symptoms in men and women (irrespective of BMI, age, and income). The association of depression and eating disorder symptoms was slightly stronger in women. Overeating was more common in men and in depressed individuals, whereas compensatory behaviors were more common among anxious individuals, especially anxious women. The study extends previous research by using gender-specific methods in a representative sample. It indicates similarities and differences between men and women regarding disordered eating on a population level.
有证据表明，焦虑症和抑郁症在饮食失调行为中起重要作用。然而，鉴于饮食失调的流行病学情况，有必要研究潜在的性别特异性关联。本研究测试了焦虑和抑郁症状与饮食失调症状及行为之间的关联，并探讨了这些关联在男性和女性之间是否存在差异。在一项具有人群代表性的调查中（n = 2510；年龄14 - 94岁），参与者完成了抑郁症状（PHQ - 2）、焦虑症状（GAD - 2）和饮食失调症状（EDE - Q8）的测量。我们对EDE - Q8总分进行了线性回归分析，并对暴饮暴食、狂食和代偿行为（自我催吐/使用泻药/过度运动）这三种行为进行了一般线性模型分析。抑郁和焦虑症状与男性和女性更多的饮食失调症状相关（与体重指数、年龄和收入无关）。抑郁与饮食失调症状之间的关联在女性中略强。暴饮暴食在男性和抑郁个体中更为常见，而代偿行为在焦虑个体中更为常见，尤其是焦虑的女性。该研究通过在一个具有代表性的样本中使用性别特异性方法扩展了先前的研究。它表明了在人群层面上男性和女性在饮食失调方面的异同。
