Junge Astrid, Hauschild Anja
Center for Health in Performing Arts, Medical School Hamburg (MSH), Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
Center for Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, BG Klinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Sports Med Open. 2023 Sep 30;9(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s40798-023-00638-9.
Mental health problems cover a wide spectrum. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most frequent mental health problem in the general population and in elite athletes. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression, generalised anxiety disorder and eating disorders in professional dancers, to compare the results between genders and to the general population and to analyse potential determinants.
During a pre-season health screening, professional dancers of six German companies answered a comprehensive questionnaire on personal and dancer-specific characteristics, medical history and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) and Eating-Disorder-Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-QS).
A total of 82 (55.8%) female and 65 (44.2%) male dancers answered the questionnaire. One in five (20.8%) dancers had at least moderate symptoms of either depression, generalised anxiety disorder or eating disorders. The prevalence of at least moderate symptoms of depression was 11.1% in female and 6.4% in male dancers, of generalised anxiety disorder 16.0% in female and 6.4% in male dancers and of eating disorders 14.8% in female and 6.1% in male dancers. Compared to the general population of the same gender and similar age, the prevalence of at least moderate symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder was significantly higher in both genders. About one in four dancers (26.9%) reported a subjective need for support from a psychotherapist at the time of the screening. The PHQ-9, GAD-7 and EDE-QS sum scores were not related to the size or type of the companies, the age or rank of the dancers, but the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 sum score were significantly related to severity of musculoskeletal pain in the past seven days and to chronic or recurrent symptoms of low mood and generalised anxiety.
The prevalence of symptoms of depression, generalised anxiety and eating disorders was high in professional dancers. Routine screening and low-threshold interventions to improve mental health of professional dancers are recommended.
心理健康问题涵盖范围广泛。抑郁症和焦虑症是普通人群以及精英运动员中最常见的心理健康问题。本研究的目的是评估职业舞者中抑郁症状、广泛性焦虑症和饮食失调的患病率，比较不同性别之间以及与普通人群的结果，并分析潜在的决定因素。
在季前健康筛查期间，来自六家德国公司的职业舞者回答了一份关于个人和舞者特定特征、病史以及患者健康问卷（PHQ - 9）、广泛性焦虑症问卷（GAD - 7）和饮食失调检查问卷（EDE - QS）的综合问卷。
共有82名（55.8%）女性和65名（44.2%）男性舞者回答了问卷。五分之一（20.8%）的舞者至少有中度的抑郁、广泛性焦虑症或饮食失调症状。至少有中度抑郁症状的患病率在女性舞者中为11.1%，在男性舞者中为6.4%；广泛性焦虑症在女性舞者中为16.0%，在男性舞者中为6.4%；饮食失调在女性舞者中为14.8%，在男性舞者中为6.1%。与相同性别和相似年龄的普通人群相比，广泛性焦虑症至少有中度症状的患病率在两性中均显著更高。约四分之一的舞者（26.9%）在筛查时表示主观上需要心理治疗师的支持。PHQ - 9、GAD - 7和EDE - QS的总分与公司规模或类型、舞者年龄或级别无关，但PHQ - 9和GAD - 7的总分与过去七天肌肉骨骼疼痛的严重程度以及情绪低落和广泛性焦虑的慢性或复发性症状显著相关。
职业舞者中抑郁、广泛性焦虑和饮食失调症状的患病率较高。建议对职业舞者进行常规筛查和低门槛干预，以改善其心理健康。
