Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 24;12:625998. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625998. eCollection 2021.
Kidney transplantation is a primary therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) all the time. But it does not mean that we have fully unraveling the mystery of kidney transplantation and confer every patient favorable prognosis. Immune rejection has always been a stumbling block when we try to increase the success rate of kidney transplantation and improve long-term outcomes. Even if the immune rejection is effectively controlled in acute phase, there is a high possibility that the immune response mediated by chronically activated antibodies will trigger chronic rejection and ultimately lead to graft failure. At present, immunosuppressive agent prepared chemically is mainly used to prevent acute or chronic rejection, but it failed to increase the long-term survival rate of allografts or reduce the incidence of chronic rejection after acute rejection, and is accompanied by many adverse reactions. Therefore, many studies have begun to use immune cells to regulate the immune response in order to control allograft rejection. This article will focus on the latest study and prospects of more popular regulatory myeloid cells in the direction of renal transplantation immunotherapy and introduce their respective progress from experimental research to clinical research.
肾移植一直是治疗终末期肾病（ESRD）的主要手段。但这并不意味着我们已经完全揭开了肾移植的神秘面纱，为每一位患者带来了良好的预后。免疫排斥一直是我们试图提高肾移植成功率和改善长期预后的绊脚石。即使在急性期有效控制免疫排斥，慢性激活的抗体介导的免疫反应仍有很大可能引发慢性排斥，最终导致移植物失功。目前，主要使用化学制备的免疫抑制剂来预防急性或慢性排斥反应，但未能提高同种异体移植物的长期存活率或降低急性排斥反应后的慢性排斥反应发生率，且伴有许多不良反应。因此，许多研究开始利用免疫细胞来调节免疫反应，以控制移植物排斥反应。本文将重点介绍在肾移植免疫治疗方向上更受欢迎的调节性髓系细胞的最新研究进展和前景，并从实验研究到临床研究分别介绍它们各自的进展。
