Puente Héctor, Argüello Héctor, Mencía-Ares Óscar, Gómez-García Manuel, Rubio Pedro, Carvajal Ana
Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Feb 25;8:651999. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.651999. eCollection 2021.
Porcine enteric coronaviruses include some of the most relevant viral pathogens to the swine industry such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) or porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) as well as several recently identified virus such as swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) or swine enteric alphacoronavirus (SeACoV). The aim of this study is the identification and characterization of enteric coronaviruses on Spanish pig farms between 2017 and 2019. The study was carried out on 106 swine farms with diarrhea outbreaks where a viral etiology was suspected by using two duplex RT-PCRs developed for the detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses. PEDV was the only coronavirus detected in our research (38.7% positive outbreaks, 41 out of 106) and neither TGEV, SeCoV, PDCoV nor SeACoV were detected in any of the samples. The complete S-gene of all the PEDV isolates recovered were obtained and compared to PEDV and SeCoV sequences available in GenBank. The phylogenetic tree showed that only PEDV of the INDEL 2 or G1b genogroup has circulated in Spain between 2017 and 2019. Three different variants were detected, the recombinant PEDV-SeCoV being the most widespread. These results show that PEDV is a relevant cause of enteric disorders in pigs in Spain while new emerging coronavirus have not been detected so far. However, the monitoring of these virus is advisable to curtail their emergence and spread.
猪肠道冠状病毒包括一些对养猪业最为重要的病毒病原体，如猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）或猪传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV），以及几种最近发现的病毒，如猪肠道冠状病毒（SeCoV）、猪三角洲冠状病毒（PDCoV）或猪肠道甲型冠状病毒（SeACoV）。本研究的目的是鉴定和表征2017年至2019年西班牙养猪场中的肠道冠状病毒。该研究在106个有腹泻暴发且怀疑有病毒病因的养猪场中进行，使用了为检测猪肠道冠状病毒而开发的两种双重RT-PCR。PEDV是我们研究中检测到的唯一冠状病毒（38.7%的暴发呈阳性，106个中有41个），在任何样本中均未检测到TGEV、SeCoV、PDCoV或SeACoV。获得了所有回收的PEDV分离株的完整S基因，并与GenBank中可用的PEDV和SeCoV序列进行了比较。系统发育树显示，2017年至2019年期间，只有INDEL 2或G1b基因组的PEDV在西班牙传播。检测到三种不同的变体，重组PEDV-SeCoV最为普遍。这些结果表明，PEDV是西班牙猪肠道疾病的一个重要病因，而目前尚未检测到新出现的冠状病毒。然而，建议对这些病毒进行监测，以减少它们的出现和传播。
