State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Oct;101(13):5520-5528. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11201. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
A one-off application of combining controlled-release urea (CRU) and conventional urea has been recommended for the reduction of nitrogen (N) loss and improvement of grain yield. However, the effects of combining CRU and urea with different surface mulching has not been studied in detail, and the underlying agronomical and physiological mechanisms need to be more clearly understood.
A 3-year field study was conducted to determine the effects of combining CRU and urea with different surface mulching on dry matter, N accumulation and translocation, nitrate nitrogen (NO -N) residuals and loss in maize grown under rain-fed conditions. Three surface mulching [plastic film mulching (FM), straw mulching (SM) and no mulching (NM)] as well as three N fertilization [combining CRU and urea with 1:2 as the baseline application (NC), a split urea application with 4:3:3 (NU) and a N control (N0)] were used. The FM under NC fertilization increased N uptake, decreased NO -N residual in the deep soil layer, and decreased N loss. The FM, SM and NM under NC fertilization increased 3-year mean grain yields by 5.8%, 4.0% and 4.6%, respectively, compared to that under NU fertilization. The FM under NC fertilization showed the highest grain yield and economic return.
Properly managing N application by mixing CRU and urea in a one-off application combined with plastic film mulching may have the potential to provide a better compromise among grain yield, N loss and economic returns for maize in rain-fed farmland. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
一次性施用包膜控释尿素（CRU）与普通尿素相结合已被推荐用于减少氮（N）损失并提高谷物产量。然而，包膜控释尿素与不同表面覆盖物与尿素相结合的效果尚未得到详细研究，其背后的农艺和生理机制需要更清楚地理解。
进行了为期 3 年的田间试验，以确定在雨养条件下，包膜控释尿素与不同表面覆盖物与尿素相结合对玉米干物质、N 积累和转移、硝态氮（NO -N）残留和损失的影响。采用了三种表面覆盖物[塑料薄膜覆盖（FM）、秸秆覆盖（SM）和不覆盖（NM）]和三种氮肥[包膜控释尿素与普通尿素以 1:2 作为基础施用量（NC）、包膜控释尿素与普通尿素以 4:3:3 比例分施（NU）和不施氮肥（N0）]。NC 施肥下的 FM 增加了 N 吸收，减少了深层土壤中的 NO -N 残留，降低了 N 损失。NC 施肥下的 FM、SM 和 NM 分别比 NU 施肥下的 3 年平均籽粒产量增加了 5.8%、4.0%和 4.6%。NC 施肥下的 FM 表现出最高的籽粒产量和经济效益。
在雨养农田中，一次性施用包膜控释尿素与普通尿素相结合并结合塑料薄膜覆盖进行合理的氮肥管理，可能在籽粒产量、N 损失和经济效益之间提供更好的平衡。© 2021 英国化学学会。
