Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Shanghai Pinghe Bilingual School, Shanghai 201206, China.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2021 Mar 15;22(3):233-240. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B2000679.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) refers to any intentional, self-inflicted behavior that causes direct damage to body tissues (Kerr et al., 2010), and has emerged as a challenging public health issue worldwide, especially among adolescents. The most common presentations of NSSI include skin-cutting, severe scratching, and burning (Whitlock et al., 2006). In a community-based study conducted in England, 6% of 5506 adolescents reported self-harm in 2014, and 1320 adolescents (74% aged 15‒17 years) presented to hospitals due to non-fatal self-harm (Geulayov et al., 2018). In Australia, 8% of adolescents aged less than 20 years reported a history of self-harm (Hiscock et al., 2018). In addition, the prevalence of NSSI has significantly increased in recent years. It was reported by McManus et al. (2019) that the prevalence of self-reported lifetime NSSI increased from 2.4% in 2000 to 6.4% in 2014, with the largest increase in females aged 16–24 years (from 6.5% to 19.7%). Researchers have also proposed an "iceberg" model of self-harm, indicating that the phenomenon of NSSI is often concealed and that most individuals with NSSI do not seek help from others (McMahon et al., 2014; Geulayov et al., 2018).
非自杀性自伤(NSSI)是指任何故意、自我造成的身体组织损伤行为(Kerr 等人,2010),已成为全球范围内具有挑战性的公共卫生问题,尤其在青少年中更为常见。NSSI 最常见的表现形式包括割伤、严重划伤和灼伤(Whitlock 等人,2006)。在英国进行的一项基于社区的研究中,2014 年有 6%的 5506 名青少年报告过自伤,1320 名青少年(74%年龄在 15-17 岁)因非致命性自伤而到医院就诊(Geulayov 等人,2018)。在澳大利亚,8%的 20 岁以下青少年报告有自伤史(Hiscock 等人,2018)。此外,近年来 NSSI 的患病率显著增加。McManus 等人(2019)报告称,自报终生 NSSI 的患病率从 2000 年的 2.4%上升到 2014 年的 6.4%,其中 16-24 岁女性的增幅最大(从 6.5%上升到 19.7%)。研究人员还提出了自伤的“冰山”模型,表明 NSSI 现象常常被掩盖,大多数有 NSSI 的人不会寻求他人的帮助(McMahon 等人,2014;Geulayov 等人,2018)。