Zhao Qingsong, Shi Xiaolei, Yan Long, Yang Chunyan, Liu Cong, Feng Yan, Zhang Mengchen, Yang Yongqing, Liao Hong
The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Feb 25;12:610214. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.610214. eCollection 2021.
Developing high yielding cultivars with outstanding quality traits are perpetual objectives throughout crop breeding operations. Confoundingly, both of these breeding objectives typically involve working with complex quantitative traits that can be affected by genetic and environmental factors. Establishing correlations of these complex traits with more easily identifiable and highly heritable traits can simplify breeding processes. In this study, two parental soybean genotypes contrasting in seed hilum size, yield, and seed quality, as well as 175 F recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from these parents, were grown in 3 years. The of four hilum size, two quality and two yield traits, ranged from 0.72 to 0.87. The four observed hilum size traits exhibited significant correlation ( < 0.05) with most of seed yield and quality traits, as indicated by correlation coefficients varying from -0.35 to 0.42, which suggests that hilum size could be considered as a proxy trait for soybean yield and quality. Interestingly, among 53 significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with logarithm of odds (LOD) values ranging from 2.51 to 6.69 and accounting for 6.40-16.10% of genetic variation, three loci encoding hilum size, , , and , colocated with QTLs for seed yield and quality traits, demonstrating that genes impacting seed hilum size colocalize in part with genes acting on soybean yield and quality. As a result of the breeding efforts and field observations described in this work, it is reasonable to conclude that optimizing hilum size through selection focused on a few QTLs may be useful for breeding new high yielding soybean varieties with favorable quality characteristics.
培育具有优异品质性状的高产栽培品种是作物育种工作的长期目标。令人困惑的是，这两个育种目标通常都涉及处理受遗传和环境因素影响的复杂数量性状。建立这些复杂性状与更易于识别且遗传力高的性状之间的相关性可以简化育种过程。在本研究中，选用了两种在种脐大小、产量和种子品质方面存在差异的亲本大豆基因型，以及由这些亲本衍生的175个F重组自交系（RILs），在3年时间里进行种植。种脐大小的4个性状、2个品质性状和2个产量性状的相关性范围为0.72至0.87。观察到的4种种脐大小性状与大多数种子产量和品质性状表现出显著相关性（P<0.05），相关系数在-0.35至0.42之间，这表明种脐大小可被视为大豆产量和品质的替代性状。有趣的是，在53个显著的数量性状位点（QTLs）中，其对数似然值（LOD）范围为2.51至6.69，占遗传变异的6.40 - 16.10%，其中3个编码种脐大小的位点，即、和，与种子产量和品质性状的QTLs共定位，表明影响种子种脐大小的基因部分与影响大豆产量和品质的基因共定位。基于本研究中的育种工作和田间观察结果，可以合理推断，通过针对少数QTLs进行选择来优化种脐大小，可能有助于培育具有优良品质特性的新高产大豆品种。
