Lubenow Norbert, Auvinen Marja-Kaisa
docent, överläkare, sektion Klinisk immunologi och transfusionsmedicin, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala.
överläkare, sektionschef, sektion Klinisk immunologi och transfusionsmedicin, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala.
Lakartidningen. 2021 Mar 15;118:20145.
Blood transfusions are still associated with risk for adverse events despite a long tradition for improvement of safety. The incidence of reactions is reported to be about 78/100 000 transfusions with 25 % of these being serious. Some types of reactions are rare and may thus be unrecognised. Transfusion reactions are grouped into non-infectious acute reactions (such as acute haemolytic reactions due to ABO incompatibility or Transfusion Related Circulatory Overload (TACO)) and delayed reactions. Infectious complications in transfusion medicine include emerging viruses like Hepatitis E and West Nile-Virus, not routinely tested. Awareness is important for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Transfusion reactions should be reported to and investigated by the transfusion medicine department issuing the product. It is mandatory to report serious transfusion reactions to the competent authority.
尽管长期以来一直在努力提高安全性，但输血仍与不良事件风险相关。据报道，反应发生率约为每10万次输血中有78例，其中25%为严重反应。某些类型的反应很罕见，因此可能未被识别。输血反应分为非感染性急性反应（如ABO血型不相容导致的急性溶血性反应或输血相关循环超负荷（TACO））和迟发性反应。输血医学中的感染并发症包括戊型肝炎和西尼罗河病毒等新兴病毒，这些病毒通常不进行检测。提高认识对于正确诊断和治疗很重要。输血反应应报告给发放该产品的输血医学部门并由其进行调查。必须向主管当局报告严重输血反应。
