Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University; Scientist, McMaster Education Research, Innovation and Theory, Hamilton, ON.
Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University; Adjunct Scientist, McMaster Education Research, Innovation and Theory; Member, Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON.
Healthc Policy. 2021 Feb;16(3):106-118. doi: 10.12927/hcpol.2021.26429.
Most Canadian medical schools allocate admission based on province or territory of residence. This may result in inequities in access to medical school, disadvantaging highly qualified students from particular provinces.
The number of medical school spaces available to applicants from each province and territory was compared to the total number of available spaces in Canada, the regional application pressure and enrolment in 2017/2018.
There is differential access to medical schools based on the absolute numbers of available spaces and application pressure. Applicants from Prince Edward Island are afforded the greatest number of spaces per 100,000 population aged 20 to 29 (5,568.8). Applicants from Ontario experience the lowest ratio of available spaces to relevant population (54.3).
Health workforce policy must balance equity and regional social accountability. Privileging regional residence over academic aptitude and personal characteristics may be justified by strong evidence that these applicants are likely to serve populations that would otherwise be underserved.
The availability of medical school spaces in Canada differs as a function of the province or territory from which applicants apply. Determining whether this differential is justified requires appraisal of the consequences of the policies with respect to their goals.
大多数加拿大医学院将录取名额分配给所在省份或地区。这可能导致获得医学院入学机会的不平等，使来自特定省份的高素质学生处于不利地位。
将每个省份和地区的申请人可获得的医学院名额数量与加拿大可用名额总数、区域申请压力以及 2017/2018 年的招生情况进行了比较。
根据可用名额的绝对数量和申请压力，不同地区进入医学院的机会存在差异。20 至 29 岁的人群中，每个岛省（爱德华王子岛）的申请人每 10 万人拥有的名额数量最多（5568.8）。来自安大略省的申请人的可用名额与相关人口比例最低（54.3）。
卫生人力政策必须在公平和区域社会责任之间取得平衡。如果有强有力的证据表明，这些申请人更有可能为那些服务不足的人群提供服务，那么将区域居住权置于学术能力和个人特征之上可能是合理的。
加拿大医学院的招生名额因申请人所在的省份或地区而异。要确定这种差异是否合理，需要根据政策目标评估政策的后果。
