Núcleo de Palinologia, Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lab de Ecologia da Polinização - ECOPOL, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2021 Jun;50(3):349-357. doi: 10.1007/s13744-020-00846-y. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
A pollinator's efficacy is the result obtained from a single visit by a species and is often used to measure the importance of different species of floral visitors as pollinators. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the efficacy of fruit and seed set in Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. (Passifloraceae) by manual cross-pollination, natural pollination and by Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) frontalis (Olivier 1789), performed through a single and two visits, to evaluate if there is occurrence of pollen limitation and pollinators' limitation in the studied crop fields. Four different treatments were performed: (1) manual cross-pollination (n = 37 flowers); (2) natural pollination (n = 52 flowers); (3) pollination by a single visit of X. frontalis (n = 41 flowers); and (4) pollination by two visits of X. frontalis (n = 31 flowers). We verified that fruit set occurred in all the treatments performed. Fruit set rate by manual cross-pollination was significantly higher than that obtained under natural conditions indicating the occurrence of pollen limitation and pollinators' limitation under natural pollination. Regarding the number of seeds, analysis of variance (ANOVA) did not indicate a significant difference between the mean seed set for the different types of pollination evaluated. The management of occupied nests, the introduction of trap-nests, and the conservation of native vegetation in areas close to the yellow passion fruit crops can increase pollinators' population. The greater richness and abundance of pollinators are essential to promote a greater number of fruit and seed set in the yellow passion fruit crops.
传粉者的效能是指一个物种单次访问所获得的结果，通常用于衡量不同花卉传粉者作为传粉者的重要性。因此，本研究旨在通过手动异花授粉、自然授粉和 Xylocopa（Neoxylocopa）frontalis（Olivier 1789）进行的单次和两次访问，来测量 Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.（Passifloraceae）的结实和种子结实率，以评估在研究的作物田中是否存在花粉限制和传粉者限制。进行了四种不同的处理：（1）手动异花授粉（n = 37 朵花）；（2）自然授粉（n = 52 朵花）；（3）由 X. frontalis 单次访问授粉（n = 41 朵花）；和（4）由 X. frontalis 两次访问授粉（n = 31 朵花）。我们验证了所有处理都能实现果实结实。手动异花授粉的结实率显著高于自然条件下的结实率，表明自然授粉下存在花粉限制和传粉者限制。关于种子数量，方差分析（ANOVA）未表明不同授粉类型的平均种子结实率之间存在显著差异。管理占用的巢穴、引入诱捕巢穴以及在靠近黄百香果作物的地区保护本地植被，可以增加传粉者的数量。更多样化和丰富的传粉者对于促进黄百香果作物中更多的果实和种子结实至关重要。
