Aix-Marseille Univ, Univ Gustave Eiffel, LBA, France; Domaines Skiables de France, France; iLab-Spine - Associated International Laboratory on Spine Biomechanics and Imagery, France.
Aix-Marseille Univ, Univ Gustave Eiffel, LBA, France; iLab-Spine - Associated International Laboratory on Spine Biomechanics and Imagery, France.
J Sci Med Sport. 2021 Oct;24(10):1067-1072. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.02.015. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
In recreational snow sports activities, safety mattresses are placed on obstacles to prevent injuries from a collision with users. However, the performances of these devices in field conditions remain unclear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of mattress thickness, impact speed, impacting mass and atmospheric conditions on head acceleration during an in-field impact on safety mattress.
42 in-field experimental drop tests of a normative metallic head were conducted on safety mattress to assess the influence of impact speed (5.8m/s or 7.3m/s), impacting mass (6kg or 11.6kg), outside conditions (3 conditions) and mattress thickness (24cm, 32cm, 44cm) on head acceleration at impact.
Linear accelerations were measured and Head Injury Criteria 15ms (HIC) was computed. A statistical analysis (ANOVA) was used to characterize the effects of the varying parameters on maximal acceleration and HIC.
Reduced impact speed, increased mattress thickness and change in the outside conditions significantly decreased the head acceleration and HIC (p<0.001). The effect of the impacting mass on head acceleration was not significant.
This study highlights the influence of impact speed, atmospheric condition and mattress construction on absorption capacities of safety mattresses. It is a first step toward a better understanding and evaluation of safety mattresses performances.
在娱乐性雪上运动中，安全床垫被放置在障碍物上，以防止与使用者发生碰撞造成伤害。然而，这些设备在现场条件下的性能仍不清楚。本研究的目的是评估床垫厚度、冲击速度、冲击质量和大气条件对在现场冲击安全床垫时头部加速度的影响。
对安全床垫进行了 42 次规范金属头部的现场实验跌落测试，以评估冲击速度（5.8m/s 或 7.3m/s）、冲击质量（6kg 或 11.6kg）、外部条件（3 种条件）和床垫厚度（24cm、32cm、44cm）对冲击时头部加速度的影响。
测量线性加速度并计算头部损伤标准 15ms（HIC）。采用方差分析（ANOVA）对不同参数对最大加速度和 HIC 的影响进行了特征描述。
降低冲击速度、增加床垫厚度和改变外部条件显著降低了头部加速度和 HIC（p<0.001）。冲击质量对头部加速度的影响不显著。
本研究强调了冲击速度、大气条件和床垫结构对安全床垫吸能能力的影响。这是更好地理解和评估安全床垫性能的第一步。
