Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2021 Nov;49(11):3046-3079. doi: 10.1007/s10439-021-02753-8. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Fourteen simulated underbody blast impact sled tests were performed using a horizontal deceleration sled with the aim of evaluating the dynamic response of the spine in under various conditions. Conditions were characterized by input (peak velocity and time-to-peak velocity for the seat and floor), seat type (rigid or padded) and the presence of personnel protective equipment (PPE). A 50% (T12) and 30% (T8) reduction in the thoracic spine response for the specimens outfitted with PPE was observed. Longer duration seat pulses (55 ms) resulted in a 68-78% reduction in the magnitude of spine responses and a reduction in the injuries at the pelvis, thoracic and lumbar regions when compared to shorter seat pulses (10 ms). The trend analysis for the peak Z (caudal to cranial) acceleration measured along the spine showed a quadratic fit (p < 0.05), rejecting the hypothesis that the magnitude of the acceleration would decrease linearly as the load traveled caudal to cranial through the spine during an Underbody Blast (UBB) event. A UBB event occurs when an explosion beneath a vehicle propels the vehicle and its occupants vertically. Further analysis revealed a relationship (p < 0.01) between peak sacrum acceleration and peak spine accelerations measured at all levels. This study provides an initial analysis of the relationship between input conditions and spine response in a simulated underbody blast environment.
进行了 14 次模拟车底爆炸冲击滑橇试验，使用水平减速滑橇，旨在评估不同条件下脊柱的动态响应。条件的特点是输入（座椅和地板的峰值速度和达到峰值速度的时间）、座椅类型（刚性或软垫）和人员防护设备（PPE）的存在。观察到配备 PPE 的标本的胸椎响应降低了 50%（T12）和 30%（T8）。与短座椅脉冲（10 ms）相比，较长持续时间的座椅脉冲（55 ms）导致脊柱响应幅度降低了 68-78%，并且骨盆、胸椎和腰椎区域的损伤减少。沿着脊柱测量的峰值 Z（尾到头）加速度的趋势分析显示出二次拟合（p < 0.05），拒绝了在车底爆炸（UBB）事件中，随着负载通过脊柱从尾到头移动，加速度的幅度将线性减小的假设。当车辆下方的爆炸使车辆及其乘员垂直推进时，就会发生 UBB 事件。进一步的分析显示，峰值骶骨加速度和在所有水平测量的峰值脊柱加速度之间存在关系（p < 0.01）。本研究初步分析了模拟车底爆炸环境中输入条件与脊柱响应之间的关系。
