Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2021 Jan-Dec;12:21501327211002416. doi: 10.1177/21501327211002416.
Obesity prevalence has reached an all-time high in the US, affecting >40% of the population. This study's objective was to evaluate associations between demographics and self-reported calorie knowledge and self-perceived confidence in calorie knowledge ("calorie confidence"). The relationships between body mass index (BMI) and calorie knowledge and confidence were also explored.
We analyzed data from participants (n = 2171) in the crosssectional, nationally representative 2019 FDA Food Safety and Nutrition Survey using logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and confidence intervals (95% CIs) for associations between BMI and calorie knowledge (correct/incorrect), calorie confidence (confident/not confident), and demographic characteristics, and the Wald chi square test to evaluate relationships between BMI and both calorie knowledge and confidence.
Many of the same subgroups were more likely than others to report lack of calorie knowledge and lack of confidence in knowing the typical daily calorie intake needed to maintain a healthy weight [respective AORs (95% CIs): age (years), >60 vs 51-60, 1.7 (1.1-2.5), and 1.4 (1.0-2.0); sex, male vs female, 1.7 (1.3-2.3), and 1.7 (1.3-2.1); race/ethnicity, non-Hispanic Black vs non-Hispanic white, 3.4 (2.1-5.5), and 2.4 (1.6-3.8); education, ≤high school vs college grad, 1.5 (1.0- 2.3), and 1.9 (1.3-2.7)]. BMI was significantly correlated with calorie confidence ( = .047), such that those reporting less confidence were more likely overweight or obese [underweight/healthy (BMI < 25): 29%, overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30): 34%, obese (BMI ≥ 30): 37%].
In certain demographic subgroups associations between calorie knowledge and confidence differed. Tailored education and outreach for these groups may help to address these disparities.
美国的肥胖患病率达到了历史新高，超过 40%的人口受到影响。本研究的目的是评估人口统计学因素与自我报告的卡路里知识和自我感知的卡路里知识信心（“卡路里信心”）之间的关联。还探讨了体重指数（BMI）与卡路里知识和信心之间的关系。
我们使用逻辑回归分析了来自 2019 年 FDA 食品安全与营养调查的 2171 名横断面、全国代表性参与者的数据，以估计 BMI 与卡路里知识（正确/不正确）、卡路里信心（有信心/没有信心）和人口统计学特征之间关联的调整优势比（AOR）和置信区间（95%CI），并使用 Wald 卡方检验评估 BMI 与卡路里知识和信心之间的关系。
许多亚组比其他亚组更有可能报告缺乏卡路里知识和缺乏对维持健康体重所需的典型每日卡路里摄入量的信心[分别的 AOR（95%CI）：年龄（岁），>60 岁比 51-60 岁，1.7（1.1-2.5）和 1.4（1.0-2.0）；性别，男性比女性，1.7（1.3-2.3）和 1.7（1.3-2.1）；种族/民族，非西班牙裔黑人比非西班牙裔白人，3.4（2.1-5.5）和 2.4（1.6-3.8）；教育程度，高中以下比大学毕业，1.5（1.0-2.3）和 1.9（1.3-2.7）]。BMI 与卡路里信心呈显著相关（r=0.047），因此报告信心较低的人更有可能超重或肥胖[体重不足/健康（BMI<25）：29%，超重（25≤BMI<30）：34%，肥胖（BMI≥30）：37%]。
在某些人口统计学亚组中，卡路里知识和信心之间的关联存在差异。针对这些群体的有针对性的教育和外展活动可能有助于解决这些差异。
