Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2021 Feb;170(4):550-554. doi: 10.1007/s10517-021-05104-8. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
Cells of all tissues in human body interact with their neighboring cells and components of the extracellular matrix thereby creating a unique 3D microenvironment. These interactions are realized through a complex network of biochemical and mechanical signals that are important in maintaining normal cellular homeostasis. Numerous attempts have been undertaken during the last two decades to develop 3D models for studying their properties and understanding the mechanisms of regulation of cell microenvironment in vivo. Cardiac spheroids (cardiospheres) are one these models of cardiac microenvironment. In this study we demonstrate that unique microenvironment formed in cardiospheres consists of stem/progenitor and mesenchymal cells surrounded by extracellular matrix proteins synthesized by these cells. TGF-β1 participates in the regulation of contraction of cells forming cardiospheres, promotes activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and self-organization of cells, which leads to the formation of larger spheroids. Thereby, the effect of TGF-β1 on the cells of cardiospheres can serve as a model for studying the mechanisms of regulation of cardiac microenvironment.
人体所有组织的细胞通过与其相邻的细胞和细胞外基质的成分相互作用，从而形成独特的 3D 微环境。这些相互作用是通过复杂的生化和机械信号网络实现的，这些信号在维持正常细胞内稳态中很重要。在过去的二十年中，人们已经进行了无数次尝试，以开发用于研究其特性和理解细胞微环境在体内调节机制的 3D 模型。心脏球体（cardiospheres）就是心脏微环境的这些模型之一。在这项研究中，我们证明了在心脏球体中形成的独特微环境由干细胞/祖细胞和间充质细胞组成，这些细胞被这些细胞合成的细胞外基质蛋白所包围。TGF-β1 参与调节形成心脏球体的细胞的收缩，促进上皮-间充质转化和细胞的自我组织的激活，从而导致更大的球体的形成。因此，TGF-β1 对心脏球体细胞的作用可以作为研究心脏微环境调节机制的模型。
