运用德尔菲技术确定医药护理课程的目标和主题大纲：古巴高等教育系统的经验。

Using the Delphi technique to determine objectives and topical outline for a pharmaceutical care course: an experience from the Cuban higher education system.

机构信息

Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, c/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.

Ex - Pharmacy Department Director, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.

出版信息

BMC Med Educ. 2021 Mar 16;21(1):158. doi: 10.1186/s12909-021-02583-1.

DOI:10.1186/s12909-021-02583-1

PMID:33726748

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7962236/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Being pharmaceutical care one of the four areas defined by the International Pharmaceutical Federation's Global Competence Framework, the curriculum redesigned scheme is a priority task to perform a pharmaceutical workforce capable to contribute significantly to the appropriate use of medicines. Therefore, the pharmacy curriculum should be adapted, in order to provide pharmacists with new knowledge and skills to provide pharmaceutical care services. This study used a modified Delphi technique to define objectives and topical outlines for a pharmaceutical care course on a pharmacy curriculum.

METHODS

A modified Delphi process was used to determine a consensus among proposed course objectives and topical outlines. The preliminary phase of the study included a compilation of prospective objectives and outline topics on which to structure informational flow through the Delphi. A two-round modified Delphi process were completed by the participants in the study. The Delphi questionnaire was organized using six domains: the theoretical program foundation; recommended for teaching literature; instructional and educational objectives of the program (course structure); teaching methods; knowledge, skills and professional values considered; and students' performance assessments. Nineteen items for evaluation within the referred domains were considered.

RESULTS

Consensus was achieved among 15 participants regarding 10 objectives, and eleven topical outlines related to pharmaceutical care teaching in an undergraduate pharmacy course. Despite this favorable valuation and considering the qualitative evaluations provided by the participants, it was believed appropriate to analyze the recommendation for the inclusion of literature for the teaching of the course in Spanish language (73%). It resulted in a project proposal for the elaboration of a book by a group of authors from all the faculties of pharmacy in the country.

CONCLUSION

A Delphi expert panel achieved consensus on topical outline and objectives for a pharmaceutical care course. The results of this study can be used to underline the didactic guidance for pharmaceutical care teaching and learning useful for future pharmacy curriculum upgrades.

摘要

背景

作为国际药学联合会全球能力框架定义的四个领域之一的药学服务，课程重新设计方案是一项优先任务，旨在培养能够为合理用药做出重大贡献的药学人员。因此，药学课程应该进行调整，以便为药剂师提供提供药学服务的新知识和技能。本研究采用改良 Delphi 技术，为药学课程中的药学服务课程确定目标和专题大纲。

方法

采用改良 Delphi 法确定拟议课程目标和专题大纲的共识。研究的初步阶段包括编写关于结构信息通过 Delphi 流程的预期目标和大纲主题。研究参与者完成了两轮改良 Delphi 过程。Delphi 问卷使用六个领域组织：理论课程基础；推荐的教学文献；计划的教学和教育目标（课程结构）；教学方法；被认为的知识、技能和专业价值观；和学生的绩效评估。在所指的领域内考虑了 19 项评估项目。