Chapman Silvia, Colvin Leigh E, Cosentino Stephanie
Cognitive Neuroscience Section of the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, and the Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Transl Issues Psychol Sci. 2020 Mar;6(1):26-31. doi: 10.1037/tps0000224.
Metacognition, self-awareness, self-knowledge, and insight each refer to the process by which individuals reflect upon and appraise their own abilities. Self-awareness is a complex, dynamic, and multifactorial construct that spans various domains such as motor, sensory, functional and cognitive abilities. Various disciplines including cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, psychiatry and neurology have attempted to understand healthy and pathologic self-awareness of cognition in particular. Although intrinsically connected, the study of healthy and pathologic states of self-awareness have remained relatively discrete from one another. Indeed, different disciplines examining self-awareness of cognition have operationalized and measured awareness through distinct theoretical frameworks. More recently, however, various authors have attempted to bridge constructs across disciplines in an effort to develop a unitary theoretical model for self-awareness of cognitive abilities. In this commentary, we summarize the study of self-awareness of cognitive abilities across various disciplines, highlighting translational aspects between them.
元认知、自我意识、自我认知和洞察力均指个体反思和评估自身能力的过程。自我意识是一个复杂、动态且多因素的概念，涵盖运动、感觉、功能和认知能力等多个领域。包括认知心理学、神经心理学、精神病学和神经病学在内的多个学科都试图特别了解认知方面健康和病态的自我意识。尽管自我意识的健康状态和病态状态内在相关，但对它们的研究仍相对彼此独立。的确，不同学科在研究认知的自我意识时，通过不同的理论框架来对意识进行操作化定义和测量。然而，最近有诸多作者试图跨越学科构建联系，以努力为认知能力的自我意识建立一个统一的理论模型。在这篇评论中，我们总结了各学科对认知能力自我意识的研究，突出了它们之间的转化方面。
