Heslop A P, Bagnall P
Department of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, London.
J Adv Nurs. 1988 Jan;13(1):71-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1988.tb01392.x.
This paper describes the work of two nurses visiting patients with chronic respiratory disease at home. The outcome measures suggested that there were fewer deaths in the nurses' group but failed to show any changes in quality of life. The nurses chose the nursing model devised by Roper et al. as a framework for their intervention. Initial assessment by the nurses showed the patients had a number of problems which could be grouped into physical health, knowledge, psychosocial and social. The nurses' monthly visits were used to assist the patients to plan strategies for resolving their problems. Advice was directed at helping patients promote and control their own health and measurable goals were set. Most of the patients achieved the goals set, valued the visits and said they wished them to continue. Psychosocial problems proved most difficult to solve. Patients' knowledge was demonstrated to have increased. A nursing audit found the patients had received 'excellent' quality of care. The nursing method used in this study would be appropriate for such work as it focuses attention on the individual patient and his problems. Application of this approach will require education and support for nurses.
本文描述了两名护士对慢性呼吸道疾病患者进行家访的工作。结果指标显示，护士组的死亡人数较少，但未能显示出生活质量有任何变化。护士们选择了罗珀等人设计的护理模式作为干预框架。护士的初步评估表明，患者存在一些问题，可分为身体健康、知识、心理社会和社会问题。护士每月的家访用于帮助患者制定解决问题的策略。提供的建议旨在帮助患者促进和控制自身健康，并设定了可衡量的目标。大多数患者实现了设定的目标，重视家访，并表示希望家访继续进行。心理社会问题被证明最难解决。患者的知识水平有所提高。一项护理审计发现，患者得到了“优质”的护理。本研究中使用的护理方法适用于此类工作，因为它将注意力集中在个体患者及其问题上。应用这种方法需要对护士进行教育和支持。
