School of Nursing (Ms Petrovskis and Dr Bekemeier), and Department of Health Services, School of Public Health (Dr Baquero), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022;28(2):E345-E353. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001346.
Local health department (LHD) obesity prevention (OP) efforts, particularly by rural LHDs, are seemingly uncommon, in part, due to limited infrastructure, workforce capacity, accessible data, and available population-level interventions aimed at social determinants of health (SDOH).
We conducted a scoping review to determine LHD roles in OP efforts and interventions. Inclusion criteria were articles including evidence-based OP and LHD leaders or staff. Articles were coded by type of LHD involvement, data use, intervention characteristics, use of an SDOH lens, and urban or rural setting.
We found 154 articles on LHD OP-52 articles met inclusion criteria. Typically, LHDs engaged in only surveillance, initial intervention development, or evaluation and were not LHD led. Data and SDOH lens use were infrequent, and interventions typically took place in urban settings.
LHDs could likely play a greater role in OP and population-level interventions and use data in intervention decision making. However, literature is limited. Future research should focus on LHD capacity building, including academic-public health partnerships. Studies should include rural populations, data, and SDOH frameworks addressing "upstream" factors.
地方卫生部门（LHD）的肥胖预防（OP）工作，特别是农村 LHD 的工作，似乎并不常见，部分原因是基础设施有限、劳动力能力有限、可获取的数据有限，以及针对健康社会决定因素（SDOH）的可用人群干预措施有限。
我们进行了范围界定审查，以确定 LHD 在 OP 工作和干预中的作用。纳入标准是包括基于证据的 OP 和 LHD 领导或工作人员的文章。文章按 LHD 参与类型、数据使用、干预措施特征、SDOH 视角的使用以及城市或农村环境进行编码。
我们发现了 154 篇关于 LHD OP 的文章，其中 52 篇符合纳入标准。通常，LHD 仅参与监测、初步干预开发或评估，并且不是 LHD 牵头。数据和 SDOH 视角的使用并不频繁，干预措施通常发生在城市环境中。
LHD 可能在 OP 和人群干预方面发挥更大的作用，并在干预决策中使用数据。然而，文献有限。未来的研究应侧重于 LHD 的能力建设，包括学术-公共卫生伙伴关系。研究应包括农村人口、数据和解决“上游”因素的 SDOH 框架。
