Duarte Geraldo, Miranda Angélica Espinosa, Bermúdez Ximena Pamela Díaz, Saraceni Valeria, Martínez-Espinosa Flor Ernestina
Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2021 Mar 15;30(spe1):e2020609. doi: 10.1590/S1679-4974202100017.esp1. eCollection 2021.
This article addresses vector, sexual and vertical transmission of Zika virus, a topic covered in the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections, published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2020. Although in Brazil Zika virus is transmitted most predominantly by Aedes aegypti, the vertical and sexual transmission routes are of significant importance for reproductive health. Sexual transmission demands the use of specific prophylactic interventions, including the use of male or female condoms, especially among couples planning pregnancy. Vertical transmission is linked to severe structural abnormalities of the central nervous system and there is still no vaccine or known pharmacological resources that can prevent it. As the disease is predominantly asymptomatic, failure to comply with basic principles of care and guidelines related to the spread of infection transcends the severity of the symptoms of the disease.
本文论述了寨卡病毒的病媒传播、性传播和垂直传播，这一主题涵盖在巴西卫生部2020年发布的《性传播感染患者综合护理临床方案和治疗指南》中。虽然在巴西寨卡病毒主要通过埃及伊蚊传播，但垂直传播和性传播途径对生殖健康至关重要。性传播需要采取特定的预防干预措施，包括使用男用或女用避孕套，尤其是在计划怀孕的夫妇中。垂直传播与中枢神经系统的严重结构异常有关，目前仍没有疫苗或已知的药物资源可以预防。由于该疾病主要无症状，不遵守感染传播相关的基本护理原则和指南比该疾病症状的严重程度更为严重。
