California Center for Population Research, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Office of Population Research, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 17;16(3):e0247804. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247804. eCollection 2021.
Latinos in the US live significantly longer than non-Latino whites, but spend more years disabled. Differentials in socioeconomic status account for part, but not all, of the difference in older age disability between Latinos and whites. We hypothesize that a factor often ignored in the literature-the fact that Latinos, on average, have more physically strenuous jobs than non-Latino whites-contributes to the higher Latino risk of functional limitations at older ages. We use longitudinal data from the 1998-2014 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) comprising 17,297 respondents. Compared to US-born whites, Latinos, especially Latino immigrants, report substantially higher levels of physical effort at work. Latino-black differences are much smaller than Latino-white differences. As hypothesized, physical work effort is strongly related to functional limitations. However, differentials in physical work effort for Latinos and whites in their fifties and early sixties are weakly related to Latino-white differentials in FL at later ages.
在美国，拉丁裔人的寿命明显长于非拉丁裔白人，但他们残疾的时间也更长。社会经济地位的差异在一定程度上解释了拉丁裔人和白人在老年残疾方面的差异，但并非全部。我们假设，一个在文献中经常被忽视的因素——拉丁裔人平均从事比非拉丁裔白人更体力劳动的工作——导致拉丁裔人在老年时更容易出现功能障碍。我们使用了来自 1998 年至 2014 年健康与退休研究（HRS）的纵向数据，该数据包含了 17297 名受访者。与土生土长的白人相比，拉丁裔人，尤其是拉丁裔移民，报告称他们在工作中付出了更多的体力。拉丁裔人和黑人之间的差异比拉丁裔人和白人之间的差异要小得多。正如假设的那样，体力劳动与功能障碍密切相关。然而，五六十岁的拉丁裔人和白人之间在体力劳动方面的差异与他们在以后年龄的功能障碍方面的拉丁裔人和白人之间的差异关系微弱。
