快速上颌扩展对上气道空气动力学特性的影响。
The effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the upper airway's aerodynamic characteristics.
机构信息
Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Xi Da Zhi Street, Nangang, 150001, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2021 Mar 17;21(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01488-1.
BACKGROUND
The effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the upper airway (UA) has been studied earlier but without a consistent conclusion. This study aims to evaluate the outcome of RME on the UA function in terms of aerodynamic characteristics by applying a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study consists of seventeen cases with two consecutive CBCT scans obtained before (T0) and after (T1) RME. Patients were divided into two groups with respect to patency of the nasopharyngeal airway as expressed in the adenoidal nasopharyngeal ratio (AN): group 1 was comprised of patients with an AN ratio < 0.6 and group 2 encompassing those with an AN ratio ≥ 0.6. CFD simulation at inspiration and expiration were performed based on the three-dimensional (3D) models of the UA segmented from the CBCT images. The aerodynamic characteristics in terms of pressure drop (ΔP), maximum midsagittal velocity (V), and maximum wall shear stress (P) were compared by paired t-test and Wilcoxon test according to the normality test at T0 and T1.
RESULTS
The aerodynamic characteristics in UA revealed no statistically significant difference after RME. The maximum V (m/s) decreased from 2.79 to 2.28 at expiration after RME (P = 0.057).
CONCLUSION
The aerodynamic characteristics were not significantly changed after RME. Further CFD studies with more cases are warranted.
背景
上颌快速扩弓（RME）对上气道（UA）的影响此前已有研究，但尚未得出一致的结论。本研究旨在通过计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟评估 RME 对上气道功能的影响，特别是在空气动力学特性方面。
方法
这是一项回顾性队列研究，共纳入 17 例连续接受两次 CBCT 扫描的患者，分别在 RME 前（T0）和后（T1）获得。根据腺样体-鼻咽腔比率（AN）评估咽腔气道通畅性，将患者分为两组：组 1 为 AN 比值＜0.6 的患者，组 2 为 AN 比值≥0.6 的患者。基于从 CBCT 图像分割出的 UA 的三维（3D）模型，分别在吸气和呼气时进行 CFD 模拟。根据 T0 和 T1 的正态性检验，采用配对 t 检验和 Wilcoxon 检验比较压力降（ΔP）、最大中矢状速度（V）和最大壁面剪切应力（P）等空气动力学特性的变化。
结果
RME 后 UA 的空气动力学特性无统计学差异。RME 后呼气时的最大 V（m/s）从 2.79 降至 2.28（P=0.057）。
结论
RME 后空气动力学特性无明显变化。需要进一步开展更多病例的 CFD 研究。
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