Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Retrovirology. 2021 Mar 17;18(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12977-021-00552-6.
To determine if individuals, from HIV-1 serodiscordant couple cohorts from Rwanda and Zambia, who become HIV-positive have a distinct inflammatory biomarker profile compared to individuals who remain HIV-negative, we compared levels of biomarkers in plasma of HIV-negative individuals who either seroconverted (pre-infection) and became HIV-positive or remained HIV-negative (uninfected).
We observed that individuals in the combined cohort, as well as those in the individual country cohorts, who later became HIV-1 infected had significantly higher baseline levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines compared to individuals who remained HIV-negative. Genital inflammation/ulceration or schistosome infections were not associated with this elevated profile. Defined levels of ITAC and IL-7 were significant predictors of later HIV acquisition in ROC predictive analyses, whereas the classical Th1 and Th2 inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12 and interferon-γ or IL-4, IL-5 and Il-13 were not.
Overall, the data show a significant association between increased plasma biomarkers linked to inflammation and immune activation and HIV acquisition and suggests that pre-existing conditions that increase systemic biomarkers represent a factor for increased risk of HIV infection.
为了确定在卢旺达和赞比亚的 HIV-1 血清不一致的夫妇队列中，从 HIV-1 血清不一致的夫妇队列中，那些后来转为 HIV 阳性的个体是否与那些仍为 HIV 阴性的个体有明显不同的炎症生物标志物特征，我们比较了 HIV 阴性个体在感染前（感染前）转为 HIV 阳性或仍为 HIV 阴性（未感染）的血浆中生物标志物的水平。
我们观察到，与那些仍为 HIV 阴性的个体相比，在联合队列中以及在个别国家队列中后来感染 HIV-1 的个体，其多种炎症细胞因子/趋化因子的基线水平明显较高。生殖器炎症/溃疡或血吸虫感染与这种升高的特征无关。在 ROC 预测分析中，定义水平的 ITAC 和 IL-7 是后来 HIV 获得的显著预测因子，而经典的 Th1 和 Th2 炎症细胞因子，如 IL-12 和干扰素-γ或 IL-4、IL-5 和 Il-13 则不是。
总的来说，数据显示与炎症和免疫激活相关的血浆生物标志物的增加与 HIV 获得之间存在显著关联，并表明增加全身生物标志物的预先存在的情况代表了 HIV 感染风险增加的一个因素。
