Kabbach Alexandre, Herbelot Aurélie
Department of Linguistics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
Front Artif Intell. 2021 Jan 27;3:523920. doi: 10.3389/frai.2020.523920. eCollection 2020.
In this paper we discuss the -the idea that speakers of the same (linguistic) community should share similar concepts given that they are exposed to similar environments and operate in highly-coordinated social contexts-and challenge the fact that it is assumed to constitute a prerequisite to successful communication. We do so using of meaning (DSMs) which create lexical representations via latent aggregation of co-occurrence information between words and contexts. We argue that DSMs constitute particularly adequate tools for exploring the socialization hypothesis given that 1) they provide full control over the notion of background environment, formally characterized as the training corpus from which distributional information is aggregated; and 2) their geometric structure allows for exploiting alignment-based similarity metrics to measure inter-subject alignment over an entire semantic space, rather than a set of limited entries. We propose to model between two different DSMs trained on two distinct corpora as over a dense matrix obtained via Singular Value Decomposition This approximates an ad-hoc coordination scenario between two speakers as the attempt to align their similarity ratings on a set of word pairs. Our results underline the specific way in which linguistic information is spread across singular vectors, and highlight the need to distinguish from mere in alignment-based notions of conceptual similarity. Indeed, we show that so that the unique and distinctive aspects of speakers' background experiences can actually facilitate-rather than impede-coordination and communication between them. We conclude that the socialization hypothesis may constitute an unnecessary prerequisite to successful communication and that, all things considered, communication is probably best formalized as the cooperative act of , rather than maximizing agreement.
在本文中，我们讨论了这样一种观点，即同一（语言）社区的说话者由于接触相似的环境并在高度协调的社会环境中运作，应该共享相似的概念，并对这一观点被认为是成功交流的先决条件这一事实提出质疑。我们通过意义分布模型（DSMs）来做到这一点，这些模型通过词与上下文之间共现信息的潜在聚合来创建词汇表征。我们认为，DSMs是探索社会化假设的特别合适的工具，因为：1）它们能完全控制背景环境的概念，正式地将其表征为从中聚合分布信息的训练语料库；2）它们的几何结构允许利用基于对齐的相似性度量来测量整个语义空间上的主体间对齐，而不是一组有限的条目。我们建议将在两个不同语料库上训练的两个不同DSMs之间的对齐建模为通过奇异值分解在一个密集矩阵上的对齐。这近似于两个说话者之间的临时协调场景，即试图在一组词对上对齐他们的相似性评级。我们的结果强调了语言信息在奇异向量上传播的具体方式，并突出了在基于对齐的概念相似性概念中区分对齐与单纯一致性的必要性。事实上，我们表明，说话者背景经历的独特和与众不同的方面实际上可以促进——而不是阻碍——他们之间的协调和交流。我们得出结论，社会化假设可能是成功交流的一个不必要的先决条件，而且，综合考虑，交流可能最好被形式化为合作的行为，而不是最大化一致性。
