Brulé D, Sarwar G, Savoie L, Campbell J, Van Zeggelaar M
Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
J Nutr. 1988 Jun;118(6):780-6. doi: 10.1093/jn/118.6.780.
The uricogenic effects of dietary free purines (adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine and xanthine), their nucleosides (adenosine, monophosphate, guanosine monophosphate and inosine monophosphate) were studied in rats. Casein-based diets (20% protein) supplemented with 30 mmol/kg diet of each of the free purine base, nucleoside or nucleotide were fed to male Sprague-Dawley rats (100 +/- 5 g) for 14 d. Addition of adenine resulted in less weight gain than in controls, greater kidney weight, greater urine volume and higher levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, creatinine and allantoin but lower urinary levels of allantoin, uric acid and creatinine. The adenine diet also caused nephropathy characterized by nephromegaly and deposition of crystals. A microscopic examination of the kidneys revealed deposition of crystals mainly in the lumen of convoluted tubules of the cortex. Feeding of diets containing other purine bases, nucleosides and nucleotides had no adverse effects on kidney weight or structure, urine volume, serum uric acid or creatinine. Urinary allantoin excretion, however, was greater in rats fed hypoxanthine, xanthine, nucleoside and nucleotide diets than in control rats. Adenine produced adverse effects only when fed in the free form and not when fed as the nucleoside or nucleotide, suggesting a metabolic significance for free adenine in predicting hyperuricemic effects of foods.
在大鼠中研究了膳食游离嘌呤（腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、次黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤）及其核苷（腺苷、单磷酸腺苷、鸟苷单磷酸和肌苷单磷酸）的致尿酸生成作用。将以酪蛋白为基础的日粮（蛋白质含量20%）补充30 mmol/kg日粮的每种游离嘌呤碱、核苷或核苷酸，喂给雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（100±5 g），持续14天。添加腺嘌呤导致体重增加比对照组少，肾脏重量增加，尿量增加，血尿素氮、血清尿酸、肌酐和尿囊素水平升高，但尿囊素、尿酸和肌酐的尿水平降低。腺嘌呤日粮还导致以肾肿大和晶体沉积为特征的肾病。肾脏的显微镜检查显示晶体主要沉积在皮质曲小管的管腔内。饲喂含有其他嘌呤碱、核苷和核苷酸的日粮对肾脏重量或结构、尿量、血清尿酸或肌酐没有不良影响。然而，饲喂次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤、核苷和核苷酸日粮的大鼠尿囊素排泄量比对照大鼠高。腺嘌呤仅在以游离形式饲喂时产生不良影响，而以核苷或核苷酸形式饲喂时则不会，这表明游离腺嘌呤在预测食物的高尿酸血症作用方面具有代谢意义。
