Li Yan, Wang Wei, Ying Sun, Lan Feng, Zhang Luo
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing, China.
Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2021 May;13(3):363-374. doi: 10.4168/aair.2021.13.3.363.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), a type 2-based upper airway disease, is mainly characterized by high asthma comorbidity and recurrence after surgery. It has been shown that type 2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 released from T helper 2 (Th2) cells as well as group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), contribute to chronic inflammation of CRSwNP. This review summarizes recent progresses made in our understanding of ILC2 activity, particularly ILC2 accumulation at airway inflammation sites, cooperation with Th2 cells in aggravating the CRSwNP inflammatory process and interactions with regulatory T cells (Tregs) in resisting Tregs-mediated suppressive function in allergic inflammation. A better understanding of the biology of ILC2s should lay a good foundation in elucidating the pathogenesis of CRSwNP, and subsequently may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for the management of CRSwNP.
伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRSwNP）是一种基于2型炎症的上气道疾病，主要特征为哮喘合并症高发及术后易复发。研究表明，2型细胞因子，包括辅助性T细胞2（Th2）及2型固有淋巴细胞（ILC2）释放的白细胞介素（IL）-4、IL-5和IL-13，参与了CRSwNP的慢性炎症过程。本文综述了我们对ILC2活性的最新认识进展，尤其是ILC2在气道炎症部位的积聚、与Th2细胞协同加剧CRSwNP炎症过程以及在过敏性炎症中与调节性T细胞（Treg）相互作用以抵抗Treg介导的抑制功能。深入了解ILC2的生物学特性应为阐明CRSwNP的发病机制奠定良好基础，并可能进而推动CRSwNP治疗新策略的开发。
