Passanisi Stefano, Caminiti Lucia, Zirilli Giuseppina, Lombardo Fortunato, Crisafulli Giuseppe, Aversa Tommaso, Pajno Giovanni B
Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi, University of Messin, Messina (Italy).
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2021 Sep;21(9):1227-1235. doi: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1904888. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
In recent years, the advent of immunotherapy has remarkably improved the management of IgE-mediated food allergy. However, some barriers still exist. Therefore, the effort of researchers aims to investigate new perspectives in the field of non-allergen specific therapy, also based on the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease. This review aims to focus on the role of biologics as a treatment option in patients with IgE-mediated food allergy. These agents are characterized by their ability to inactivate the Th2 pro-inflammatory pathways. Biologics can be used both alone and in association with immunotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies targeting IgE, the IL-4/IL-13 axis, IL-5, and alarmins have been proposed and investigated for treating food allergy. The clinical efficacy and safety of biologics have been demonstrated in several preclinical studies and randomized controlled trials. Future studies are still required to address current unmet needs, including the identification of the optimal dose to be used by ensuring the effectiveness of therapy.
近年来，免疫疗法的出现显著改善了IgE介导的食物过敏的治疗。然而，仍然存在一些障碍。因此，研究人员致力于探索非变应原特异性治疗领域的新观点，这也是基于对该疾病发病机制的现有认识。本综述旨在聚焦生物制剂在IgE介导的食物过敏患者中作为一种治疗选择的作用。这些药物的特点是能够使Th2促炎途径失活。生物制剂既可以单独使用，也可以与免疫疗法联合使用。针对IgE、IL-4/IL-13轴、IL-5和警报素的单克隆抗体已被提出并用于研究治疗食物过敏。生物制剂的临床疗效和安全性已在多项临床前研究和随机对照试验中得到证实。未来仍需要开展研究以满足当前未满足的需求，包括通过确保治疗效果来确定最佳使用剂量。
