Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 18;16(3):e0248744. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248744. eCollection 2021.
Numerous studies showed the effect of negative affective and pain-related semantic primes enhancing the perceived intensity of successive painful stimuli. It remains unclear whether and how painful primes are able to influence semantic stimuli in a similar way. Therefore, we investigated the effects of noxious primes on the perception of the valence of subsequent semantic stimuli. In two experiments, 48 healthy subjects were asked to give their valence ratings regarding different semantic stimuli (pain-related, negative, positive, and neutral adjectives) after they were primed with noxious electrical stimuli of moderate intensity. Experiment 1 focused on the existence of the effect, experiment 2 focused on the length of the effect. Valence ratings of pain-related, negative, and positive words (not neutral words) became more negative after a painful electrical prime was applied in contrast to no prime. This effect was more pronounced for pain-related words compared to negative, pain-unrelated words. Furthermore, the priming effect continued to affect the valence ratings even some minutes after the painful priming had stopped. So, painful primes are influencing the perception of semantic stimuli as well as semantic primes are influencing the perception of painful stimuli.
许多研究表明，负性情感和与疼痛相关的语义启动会增强后续疼痛刺激的感知强度。目前尚不清楚疼痛启动是否以及如何以类似的方式影响语义刺激。因此，我们研究了有害启动对后续语义刺激的感知的影响。在两个实验中，48 名健康受试者在受到适度强度的有害电刺激启动后，被要求对不同的语义刺激（与疼痛相关、负性、正性和中性形容词）进行效价评定。实验 1 关注效应的存在，实验 2 关注效应的长度。与无启动相比，在应用疼痛性电刺激后，与疼痛相关、负性和正性词汇（而非中性词汇）的效价评定变得更加消极。与负性、与疼痛无关的词汇相比，与疼痛相关的词汇的启动效应更为明显。此外，即使在疼痛启动停止几分钟后，这种启动效应仍会继续影响效价评定。因此，疼痛启动不仅会影响语义刺激的感知，而且语义启动也会影响疼痛刺激的感知。
