School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 15;769:144331. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144331. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, and uncomfortable meteorological and built environments may increase its risk. Residents in different built environments are exposed to different risks of ischemic stroke in cold and hot weather. By using the data from 3547 patients hospitalized, a distributed lag non-linear model was established to compare the differences in the risk of ischemic stroke in urban areas with respect to different Building Height, Building Density, Normalized Differential Vegetation Index, and Distance to Water under the meteorological condition. The results showed that lower Building Height is related to the negative cold effects in winter, and higher Building Height is related to increased risks at high temperatures. Built environments with Building Heights of 10-15 m in hot weather and above 15 m in cold weather have low risks. Higher Building Density was found to be associated with reduced negative cold effects; however, the negative hot effects increased in summer. Built environments with a Building Density of more than 0.3 showed low risks, regardless of the weather conditions. Increasing NDVI seemed to mitigate negative effects in uncomfortable weather, and built environments with higher NDVI were found to be associated with lower risks of ischemic stroke. Built environments with shorter Distance to Water seemed to pose higher risks in summer, and longer Distance to Water was correlated with higher risks in winter. Built environments with Distance to Water in the range of 0.65-2.30 km showed low risks. The research results could have some implications for urban planners to form reasonable built environments under certain meteorological factors which can be beneficial for the mitigation of incidence of ischemic stroke.
缺血性脑卒中是全球最常见的死亡原因之一，不舒适的气象和建筑环境可能会增加其风险。不同建筑环境中的居民在寒冷和炎热天气中会面临不同的缺血性脑卒中风险。通过使用 3547 名住院患者的数据，建立了一个分布式滞后非线性模型，以比较气象条件下不同建筑高度、建筑密度、归一化差分植被指数和距水体距离的城区缺血性脑卒中风险差异。结果表明，较低的建筑高度与冬季寒冷的负面影响有关，而较高的建筑高度与高温下的风险增加有关。在炎热天气中建筑高度为 10-15 米，在寒冷天气中建筑高度高于 15 米的建筑环境风险较低。较高的建筑密度与降低寒冷的负面影响有关；然而，夏季的负面高温效应增加。建筑密度超过 0.3 的建筑环境无论天气条件如何，风险都较低。增加 NDVI 似乎减轻了不适天气的负面影响，而 NDVI 较高的建筑环境与较低的缺血性脑卒中风险相关。距水体较近的建筑环境在夏季似乎风险较高，而距水体较远的建筑环境在冬季风险较高。距水体在 0.65-2.30 公里范围内的建筑环境风险较低。研究结果可能对城市规划者在某些气象因素下形成合理的建筑环境有一定的启示作用，这有利于减轻缺血性脑卒中的发病率。
