Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 1;871:162057. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162057. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Although studies have explored the relationship between sunshine duration and schizophrenia, the evidence was ambiguous. Different built environments may alter the effect of sunlight on schizophrenia, thus the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of built environments on the sunshine duration-schizophrenia association.
Daily schizophrenia hospitalizations data during 2017-2020 in Hefei's main urban area, China, and corresponding meteorological factors as well as ambient pollutants were collected. The impact of sunshine duration on schizophrenia admissions in urban areas was investigated using a generalized additive model combined with a distributed lagged nonlinear model. Additionally, the various modifying effects of different Building Density, Building Height, Normalized Vegetation Index, and Nighttime Light were also explored between sunshine duration and schizophrenia.
We observed that inadequate sunshine duration (<5.3 h) was associated with an increase in schizophrenia hospital admissions, with a maximum relative risk of 1.382 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.069-1.786) at 2.9 h. In turn, adequate sunshine duration reduced the risk of schizophrenia hospitalizations. Subgroup analyses indicated females and old patients were particularly vulnerable. In the case of insufficient sunshine duration, significant positive effects were noticed on schizophrenia risk at High-Building Density and High-Nighttime Light. Higher NDVI as well as Building Height were found to be associated with lower risks of schizophrenia.
Given that sunshine duration in various built environments might lead to distinct effects on schizophrenia hospitalizations. Our findings assist in identifying vulnerable populations that reside in particular areas, thus suggesting policymakers provide advice to mitigate the onset of schizophrenia by allocating healthcare resources rationally and avoiding adverse exposures to vulnerable populations timely.
尽管已有研究探讨了日照时长与精神分裂症之间的关系，但证据并不明确。不同的建成环境可能会改变阳光对精神分裂症的影响，因此本研究旨在调查建成环境对日照时长与精神分裂症关联的影响。
收集了 2017-2020 年中国合肥市主城区每日精神分裂症住院数据以及相应的气象因素和环境污染物数据。采用广义相加模型结合分布式滞后非线性模型，研究了日照时长对城区精神分裂症住院的影响。此外，还探讨了不同建筑密度、建筑高度、归一化植被指数和夜间灯光对日照时长与精神分裂症之间关系的各种修饰作用。
我们发现，日照时长不足（<5.3 小时）与精神分裂症住院人数增加有关，在 2.9 小时时，相对风险最高为 1.382（95%置信区间：1.069-1.786）。相反，充足的日照时长降低了精神分裂症住院的风险。亚组分析表明，女性和老年患者的风险尤其高。在日照时长不足的情况下，高建筑密度和高夜间灯光对精神分裂症风险有显著的正效应。较高的 NDVI 和建筑高度与较低的精神分裂症风险有关。
鉴于不同建成环境中的日照时长可能对精神分裂症住院产生不同的影响。我们的研究结果有助于确定居住在特定区域的脆弱人群，并为决策者提供建议，通过合理分配医疗资源和及时避免弱势群体的不良暴露，来减轻精神分裂症的发病风险。
