State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 10;768:144198. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144198. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
In-situ field observations of vertical aerosol profiles for one month in complex terrain (Lushan Mountain, China) were carried out using a cable car, which resolved detailed vertical distributions of mountain aerosols with low-cost operation. Cable-car observations were conducted during the early morning and late afternoon, when mountain and valley winds dominated, respectively. The diurnal aerosol variations at the top and foot of Lushan Mountain were analyzed based on environmental and meteorological stations. The observations indicated that the mountain-valley breezes notably impacted the mountain-area aerosol distribution under weak weather conditions. More uniform aerosol profiles for the afternoon than the morning, with their decreasing rates of PM (particles with diameters less than 2.5 μm) were 1.64 and 2.28 μg m/100 m, respectively. The PM/PM ratio at the mountain top increased from 0.69 to 0.81, and that at the mountain base decreased from 0.75 to 0.70 from morning to afternoon. The PM concentration decreased in and around Lushan Mountain from daytime to nighttime, with the impacted diameter of the 300-m topography line being smaller than 5 km, while the concentration increased in Jiujiang City. The relative decreasing rate of PM was higher at the mountain top site (20%) than at the base site (2%) from daytime to nighttime. Moreover, uniform aerosol profiles could have been caused by regional transport through a relatively strong low-level synoptic flow (5 m s) and the mountain's dynamic lifting effect.
在复杂地形（中国庐山）中，使用缆车进行了为期一个月的现场垂直气溶胶剖面观测，这种方法通过低成本的运营解决了山地气溶胶的详细垂直分布问题。缆车观测分别在山区和山谷风占主导地位的清晨和傍晚进行。基于环境和气象站分析了庐山山顶和山脚的气溶胶日变化。观测结果表明，在弱天气条件下，山风和山谷风对山区气溶胶分布有显著影响。下午的气溶胶分布比上午更均匀，PM（直径小于 2.5μm 的颗粒）的下降率分别为 1.64 和 2.28μg m/100 m。山顶的 PM/PM 比值从 0.69 增加到 0.81，而山脚的比值从 0.75 减少到 0.70。从白天到夜间，庐山及其周围地区的 PM 浓度降低，受 300 米地形线影响的直径小于约 5km，而九江市的浓度增加。从白天到夜间，山顶站点的 PM 相对减少率（约 20%）高于山脚站点（约 2%）。此外，气溶胶分布均匀可能是由于通过相对较强的低空天气流（约 5m/s）和山脉的动力抬升效应引起的区域传输造成的。
